Physiological Effects of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Fish Organisms

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Moscow University Biological Sciences Bulletin Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI:10.3103/s0096392523700013
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Abstract

Every year, more than 1 million t of oil enter sea waters as a result of accidents during production or transportation; not counting oil products that enter the ocean with wastewater. The carcinogenic effect of oil components (such as benzopyrene) has been known since the middle of the 20th century. However, after a major oil spill from the Exxon Valdez tanker in 1989, it has become obvious that oil and its components have a strong toxic effect on the body of fish, and these effects are to a great extent mediated by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), in particular, by phenanthrene. The juvenile fish suffer the most from oil spills; they exhibit developmental anomalies when exposed to oil products. However, the influence of oil components is not limited to teratogenic effects and affects all age groups, causing disturbances in the functioning of nervous and cardiovascular systems (and other systems and organs) in adults. PAHs also change hormonal and osmotic regulation. As a result, the largest oil spills threaten populations of important commercial fish species. This review examines the effects of PAHs on the physiology of the main organ systems of fish, including both dysfunctions and malformations in young fish under the influence of petroleum products. Particular attention is paid to the cardiotoxic effects of di- and tricyclic PAHs, which were discovered recently and potentially both cause the death in animals when PAH enter water bodies and underlie developmental disorders.

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多环芳烃对鱼类生物的生理影响
摘要 每年有 100 多万吨石油因生产或运输过程中的事故进入海洋水域,这还不包括随废水进入海洋的石油产品。石油成分(如苯并芘)的致癌作用早在 20 世纪中叶就已为人所知。然而,在 1989 年埃克森-瓦尔迪兹油轮发生重大漏油事件后,人们发现石油及其成分对鱼类的身体有很强的毒性作用,而这些作用在很大程度上是由多环芳烃(PAHs),特别是菲所介导的。幼鱼受油类泄漏的影响最大;它们在接触油类产品后会出现发育异常。然而,油类成分的影响并不局限于致畸作用,还会影响所有年龄段的人群,导致成年人的神经和心血管系统(以及其他系统和器官)功能紊乱。多环芳烃还会改变荷尔蒙和渗透调节。因此,最大的漏油事件威胁着重要的商业鱼类种群。本综述探讨了多环芳烃对鱼类主要器官系统生理的影响,包括石油产品影响下幼鱼的功能障碍和畸形。其中特别关注了最近发现的二环和三环多环芳烃对心脏的毒性作用,当多环芳烃进入水体时,可能会导致动物死亡,同时也是发育障碍的根源。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Moscow University Biological Sciences Bulletin
Moscow University Biological Sciences Bulletin Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Agricultural and Biological Sciences (all)
CiteScore
1.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
18
期刊介绍: Moscow University Biological Sciences Bulletin  is forum for research in all important areas of modern biology. It publishes original work on qualitative, analytical and experimental aspects of research. The scope of articles to be considered includes plant biology, zoology, ecology, evolutionary biology, biophysics, genetics, genomics, proteomics, molecular biology, cell biology, biochemistry, endocrinology, immunology, physiology, pharmacology, neuroscience, gerontology, developmental biology, bioinformatics, bioengineering, virology, and microbiology.
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