{"title":"Iron Polymorphism. Part 3. Iron Polymorphic Transformation as a Phase Transformation Based on High-Temperature Solid-State Volume Photon Ionization","authors":"S. V. Davydov","doi":"10.3103/s0967091223110098","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The model of the metal bond structure based on an electrostatic coordination sphere as a basic element of the metal crystal lattice is proposed. It is shown that the coordination sphere (CS) is not just a geometric parameter of the atom distribution in a crystal lattice, but a form of joint, cooperative existence of a group of atoms. An electrostatic CS consists of an outer spherical valence electron shell, shell atoms (cations), an inner electron shell and a central atom (anion) of the CS. Due to the multiple mutual overlap of valence orbitals, the valence electrons of each CS atom, both in the outer and inner spherical electron shells, are effected by all atoms simultaneously and, as a result, freely move (exchange) in the field of a single valence orbital. In this case, the behavior of bonding electrons in the CS during their dynamic resonant interaction is indistinguishable from their behavior in a perfect electron gas (Fermi liquid). The main bond between the shell cations and the central anion is ionic. The connection between CS’s is carried out electrostatically, during the interaction of orbitals through the CS valence shells with any atom in the volume of the crystal lattice. The entire volume of the metal, like a web, is penetrated by interacting valence spheres of coordination shells. The “electrostatic CS” model shows that the iron polymorphic transformation is a phase transformation based on high-temperature solid-state volume photon ionization. During the ionization process, the CS is stretched and the iron crystal lattice is destroyed with the formation of crystallite nanofragments and amorphization of part of the structure. The proposed model explains the experimental data obtained recently when studying the polymorphism of pure iron under equilibrium conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":21903,"journal":{"name":"Steel in Translation","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Steel in Translation","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s0967091223110098","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"Materials Science","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The model of the metal bond structure based on an electrostatic coordination sphere as a basic element of the metal crystal lattice is proposed. It is shown that the coordination sphere (CS) is not just a geometric parameter of the atom distribution in a crystal lattice, but a form of joint, cooperative existence of a group of atoms. An electrostatic CS consists of an outer spherical valence electron shell, shell atoms (cations), an inner electron shell and a central atom (anion) of the CS. Due to the multiple mutual overlap of valence orbitals, the valence electrons of each CS atom, both in the outer and inner spherical electron shells, are effected by all atoms simultaneously and, as a result, freely move (exchange) in the field of a single valence orbital. In this case, the behavior of bonding electrons in the CS during their dynamic resonant interaction is indistinguishable from their behavior in a perfect electron gas (Fermi liquid). The main bond between the shell cations and the central anion is ionic. The connection between CS’s is carried out electrostatically, during the interaction of orbitals through the CS valence shells with any atom in the volume of the crystal lattice. The entire volume of the metal, like a web, is penetrated by interacting valence spheres of coordination shells. The “electrostatic CS” model shows that the iron polymorphic transformation is a phase transformation based on high-temperature solid-state volume photon ionization. During the ionization process, the CS is stretched and the iron crystal lattice is destroyed with the formation of crystallite nanofragments and amorphization of part of the structure. The proposed model explains the experimental data obtained recently when studying the polymorphism of pure iron under equilibrium conditions.
期刊介绍：
Steel in Translation is a journal that represents a selection of translated articles from two Russian metallurgical journals: Stal’ and Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii. Chernaya Metallurgiya . Steel in Translation covers new developments in blast furnaces, steelmaking, rolled products, tubes, and metal manufacturing as well as unconventional methods of metallurgy and conservation of resources. Papers in materials science and relevant commercial applications make up a considerable portion of the journal’s contents. There is an emphasis on metal quality and cost effectiveness of metal production and treatment.
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