The effect of xylitol chewing gums and candies on caries occurrence in children: a systematic review with special reference to caries level at study baseline.

IF 2.3 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE European Archives of Paediatric Dentistry Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-02 DOI:10.1007/s40368-024-00875-w
K Pienihäkkinen, A Hietala-Lenkkeri, I Arpalahti, E Söderling
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Abstract

Purpose: A systematic review of published data was carried out to assess the caries-preventive effects of xylitol chewing gums and candies in children.

Methods: Electronic and hand searches were performed to find clinical studies on the effects of xylitol chewing gums and candies on dental caries in children (≤ 18 years). Prospective randomised or controlled clinical trials published before 2023 were included in the review.

Results: The initial search identified 365 titles to be evaluated. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 15 articles with either fair or low quality were reviewed. Nine articles studied chewing gums, five candies, and one both of them. In the ten evaluated xylitol chewing gum studies xylitol consumption significantly reduced caries occurrence when compared with no treatment or a placebo polyol gum. The effect was clinically significant in studies with high or moderate caries level at study baseline. The results also suggested that the caries-reducing effect of xylitol gums may differ from sorbitol/polyol gums. In five of the six heterogenous xylitol candy studies, no caries-reducing effect was found independent of caries level. In addition to caries level, also the daily xylitol dose was a confounding factor.

Conclusion: The present findings suggest that the caries-reducing effect of adding xylitol chewing gum to the daily diet has been well demonstrated in children and adolescents with high or moderate caries level at study baseline. Xylitol gum use could benefit subjects with active incipient caries lesions on smooth tooth surfaces.

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木糖醇口香糖和糖果对儿童龋齿发生率的影响:系统综述,特别参考研究基线时的龋齿水平。
目的:对已发表的数据进行系统综述,以评估木糖醇口香糖和糖果对儿童龋齿的预防效果:方法:通过电子和手工检索,查找有关木糖醇口香糖和糖果对儿童(18 岁以下)龋齿影响的临床研究。2023年之前发表的前瞻性随机或对照临床试验被纳入审查范围:初步检索确定了 365 篇待评估的论文。在采用纳入和排除标准后,对15篇质量一般或较低的文章进行了审查。其中九篇研究了口香糖,五篇研究了糖果,一篇研究了两者。在所评估的 10 项木糖醇口香糖研究中,与不进行任何治疗或服用安慰剂多元醇口香糖相比,服用木糖醇能显著减少龋齿的发生。在基线龋齿水平较高或中等的研究中,木糖醇的效果具有临床意义。研究结果还表明,木糖醇口香糖的防龋效果可能不同于山梨醇/多元醇口香糖。在六项异质木糖醇糖果研究中,有五项研究发现,木糖醇糖果的降龋效果与龋齿水平无关。除龋齿水平外,木糖醇的日剂量也是一个干扰因素:本研究结果表明,在日常饮食中添加木糖醇口香糖对研究基线龋齿水平较高或中等的儿童和青少年的防龋效果已得到充分证明。使用木糖醇口香糖对牙齿表面光滑、龋齿初期活跃的受试者有益。
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来源期刊
European Archives of Paediatric Dentistry
European Archives of Paediatric Dentistry DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE-
CiteScore
4.40
自引率
9.10%
发文量
81
期刊介绍: The aim and scope of European Archives of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD) is to promote research in all aspects of dentistry for children, including interceptive orthodontics and studies on children and young adults with special needs. The EAPD focuses on the publication and critical evaluation of clinical and basic science research related to children. The EAPD will consider clinical case series reports, followed by the relevant literature review, only where there are new and important findings of interest to Paediatric Dentistry and where details of techniques or treatment carried out and the success of such approaches are given.
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