Discrete, Continuous and Asymptotic for a Modified Singularly Gaussian Unitary Ensemble and the Smallest Eigenvalue of Its Large Hankel Matrices

IF 0.9 3区 数学 Q3 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Mathematical Physics, Analysis and Geometry Pub Date : 2024-03-02 DOI:10.1007/s11040-024-09477-w
Dan Wang, Mengkun Zhu
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Abstract

This paper focuses on the characteristics of the Hankel determinant generated by a modified singularly Gaussian weight. The weight function is defined as:

$$\begin{aligned} w(z;t)=|z|^{\alpha }\textrm{e}^{-\frac{1}{z^2}-t\left( z^2-\frac{1}{z^2}\right) }, ~z\in {\mathbb {R}}, \end{aligned}$$

where \(\alpha >1\) and \(t\in (0,1)\) are parameters. Using ladder operator techniques, we derive a series of difference formulas for the auxiliary quantities and recurrence coefficients. We present the difference equations for the recurrence coefficients and the logarithmic derivative of the Hankel determinant. We then use the “t-dependence" to obtain the differential identities satisfied by the auxiliary quantities and the logarithmic derivative of the Hankel determinant. To obtain the large n asymptotic expressions of the recurrence coefficients, we use the Coulomb fluid method together with the related difference equations, which depend on n either being odd or even. We also obtain the reduction forms of the second-order differential equations satisfied by the orthogonal polynomials generated by this weight. Two special cases coincide with the bi-confluent Heun equation and the double confluent Heun equation, respectively. Finally, we calculate the asymptotic behavior of the smallest eigenvalue of large Hankel matrices generated by this weight. Our result not only covers the classical result of Szegö (Trans Am Math Soc 40:450–461, 1936) but also determines our next research direction.

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修正奇异高斯单元集合的离散、连续和渐近及其大汉克尔矩阵的最小特征值
本文重点研究由修正奇异高斯权值生成的汉克尔行列式的特征。权重函数定义如下$$\begin{aligned} w(z;t)=|z|^{\alpha }\textrm{e}^{-\frac{1}{z^2}-t\left( z^2-\frac{1}{z^2}\right) }, ~z\in {\mathbb {R}}, \end{aligned}$$其中\(\alpha >1\)和\(t\in (0,1)\)是参数。利用梯形算子技术,我们推导出一系列辅助量和递推系数的差分公式。我们给出了递推系数和汉克尔行列式对数导数的差分方程。然后,我们利用 "t 依赖性 "求出辅助量和汉克尔行列式对数导数的微分等式。为了得到递推系数的大 n 渐近表达式,我们使用了库仑流体法和相关的差分方程,这些方程取决于 n 是奇数还是偶数。我们还获得了由该权重生成的正交多项式所满足的二阶微分方程的还原形式。两个特例分别与双汇合海恩方程和双汇合海恩方程重合。最后,我们计算了该权重生成的大汉克尔矩阵最小特征值的渐近行为。我们的结果不仅涵盖了 Szegö 的经典结果(Trans Am Math Soc 40:450-461, 1936),还决定了我们下一步的研究方向。
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来源期刊
Mathematical Physics, Analysis and Geometry
Mathematical Physics, Analysis and Geometry 数学-物理:数学物理
CiteScore
2.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
26
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: MPAG is a peer-reviewed journal organized in sections. Each section is editorially independent and provides a high forum for research articles in the respective areas. The entire editorial board commits itself to combine the requirements of an accurate and fast refereeing process. The section on Probability and Statistical Physics focuses on probabilistic models and spatial stochastic processes arising in statistical physics. Examples include: interacting particle systems, non-equilibrium statistical mechanics, integrable probability, random graphs and percolation, critical phenomena and conformal theories. Applications of probability theory and statistical physics to other areas of mathematics, such as analysis (stochastic pde''s), random geometry, combinatorial aspects are also addressed. The section on Quantum Theory publishes research papers on developments in geometry, probability and analysis that are relevant to quantum theory. Topics that are covered in this section include: classical and algebraic quantum field theories, deformation and geometric quantisation, index theory, Lie algebras and Hopf algebras, non-commutative geometry, spectral theory for quantum systems, disordered quantum systems (Anderson localization, quantum diffusion), many-body quantum physics with applications to condensed matter theory, partial differential equations emerging from quantum theory, quantum lattice systems, topological phases of matter, equilibrium and non-equilibrium quantum statistical mechanics, multiscale analysis, rigorous renormalisation group.
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