Inter-provenance variability and phenotypic plasticity of wood and leaf traits related to hydraulic safety and efficiency in seven European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) provenances differing in yield

IF 2.5 3区 农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY Annals of Forest Science Pub Date : 2024-03-04 DOI:10.1186/s13595-024-01227-w
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Abstract

Key message

Seven European beech provenances differing largely in growth performance were grown at two common garden sites in Germany and Slovakia. The intra-specific variability of most traits was explained more by phenotypic plasticity than inter-provenance variability, and efficiency-related traits showed a higher phenotypic plasticity than safety-related traits.

Context

To maintain climate-resilient future forests, replicated common-garden experiments are suited for developing assisted migration strategies for key tree species.

Aims

We analysed the magnitude of inter-provenance variability and phenotypic plasticity for 12 functional traits of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and analysed whether the climate at the place of origin left an imprint. Moreover, we asked whether growth is unrelated to xylem safety and to what extent the foliar, xylem and growth-related traits are coordinated.

Methods

Terminal branches were collected from 19-year-old and 22-year-old trees of seven European beech provenances planted at two common garden sites in Germany and Slovakia, respectively. Three hydraulic, three wood anatomical and four foliar traits were measured and related to two growth-related variables.

Results

At the two sites, the same pair of provenances showed the highest and lowest growth. Nevertheless, a high degree of phenotypic plasticity was observed, as all traits differed significantly between sites after accounting for provenance effects, with hydraulic safety-related traits showing the lowest and efficiency-related traits the highest plasticity. There was no evidence for inter-provenance variability in xylem embolism resistance (P 50) or the foliar carbon isotope signature (δ13C), a proxy for intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE), and both were unrelated to growth. P 50 was positively correlated with the lumen-to-sapwood area ratio and vessel density.

Conclusions

Because of the lacking trade-off between embolism resistance and growth, highly productive provenances can be selected without reducing the drought tolerance of the branch xylem. However, as xylem safety is only one element of a trees’ drought response, it may be beneficial to select provenances with other more conservative drought adaptations such as smaller vessel lumen areas for increasing xylem safety and small supported total leaf areas for reduction of total transpiration.

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七个产量不同的欧洲山毛榉(Fagus sylvatica L.)产地与水力安全和效率相关的木材和叶片性状的产地间变异性和表型可塑性
摘要 关键信息 在德国和斯洛伐克的两个共同园地种植了生长性能大不相同的七个欧洲山毛榉品种。表型可塑性比品种间变异更能解释大多数性状的种内变异,与效率相关的性状比与安全相关的性状表现出更高的表型可塑性。 背景 为保持未来森林的气候适应性,重复的共同园林实验适合于为关键树种制定辅助迁移策略。 目的 我们分析了欧洲山毛榉(Fagus sylvatica L.)12个功能特征的产地间变异性和表型可塑性的大小,并分析了原产地的气候是否会留下印记。此外,我们还询问了生长是否与木质部安全无关,以及叶片、木质部和生长相关性状的协调程度。 方法 从分别种植在德国和斯洛伐克两个共同园地的 7 个欧洲山毛榉产地的 19 年树龄和 22 年树龄的树上采集顶枝。测量了三个水力特征、三个木材解剖特征和四个叶片特征,并将其与两个生长相关变量联系起来。 结果 在这两个地点,同一对品种的生长量最高和最低。然而,表型可塑性很强,因为在考虑了原产地影响后,不同地点的所有性状都有显著差异,其中与水力安全相关的性状可塑性最小,而与效率相关的性状可塑性最大。没有证据表明木质部抗栓塞性(P 50)或叶面碳同位素特征(δ13C)存在产地间差异,而叶面碳同位素特征是内在水分利用效率(iWUE)的代表,两者都与生长无关。P 50 与管腔与边材面积比和血管密度呈正相关。 结论 由于抗栓塞性和生长之间缺乏权衡,因此可以在不降低树枝木质部耐旱性的情况下选择高产品种。然而,木质部的安全性只是树木抗旱能力的一个要素,因此选择具有其他更保守的抗旱适应性的产地可能是有益的,如较小的血管腔面积可提高木质部的安全性,较小的支撑叶片总面积可减少总蒸腾量。
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来源期刊
Annals of Forest Science
Annals of Forest Science 农林科学-林学
CiteScore
6.70
自引率
3.30%
发文量
45
审稿时长
12-24 weeks
期刊介绍: Annals of Forest Science is an official publication of the French National Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE) -Up-to-date coverage of current developments and trends in forest research and forestry Topics include ecology and ecophysiology, genetics and improvement, tree physiology, wood quality, and silviculture -Formerly known as Annales des Sciences Forestières -Biology of trees and associated organisms (symbionts, pathogens, pests) -Forest dynamics and ecosystem processes under environmental or management drivers (ecology, genetics) -Risks and disturbances affecting forest ecosystems (biology, ecology, economics) -Forestry wood chain (tree breeding, forest management and productivity, ecosystem services, silviculture and plantation management) -Wood sciences (relationships between wood structure and tree functions, and between forest management or environment and wood properties)
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