Associations of childhood BMI traits with blood pressure and glycated haemoglobin in 6–9-year-old Samoan children

IF 2.7 3区医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Pediatric Obesity Pub Date : 2024-03-04 DOI:10.1111/ijpo.13112

Courtney C. Choy, William Johnson, Joseph M. Braun, Christina Soti-Ulberg, Muagututia S. Reupena, Take Naseri, Kima Savusa, Vaimoana Filipo Lupematasila, Maria Siulepa Arorae, Faatali Tafunaina, Folla Unasa, Rachel L. Duckham, Dongqing Wang, Stephen T. McGarvey, Nicola L. Hawley

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Abstract

Introduction

Prevalence and risk factors for elevated glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and blood pressure (BP) are poorly understood among Pacific children. We examined associations of HbA1c and BP in 6–9 year-olds with body mass index (BMI) at ages 2, 5, and BMI velocity between 2–9 years in Samoa.

Methods

HbA1c (capillary blood) and BP were measured in n = 410 Samoan children who were part of an ongoing cohort study. Multilevel models predicted BMI trajectory characteristics. Generalized linear regressions assessed associations of childhood characteristics and BMI trajectories with HbA1c and BP treated as both continuous and categorical outcomes. Primary caregiver-reported childhood characteristics were used as covariates.

Results

Overall, 12.90% (n = 53) of children had high HbA1c (≥5.7%) and 33.17% (n = 136) had elevated BP. BMI at 5-years and BMI velocity were positively associated with high HbA1c prevalence in males. A 1 kg/m² per year higher velocity was associated with a 1.71 (95% CI: 1.07, 2.75) times higher prevalence of high HbA1c. In females, higher BMI at 5-years and greater BMI velocity were associated with higher BP at 6–9 years (95% CI: 1.12, 1.40, and 1.42, 2.74, respectively).

Conclusion

Monitoring childhood BMI trajectories may inform cardiometabolic disease screening and prevention efforts in this at-risk population.

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6-9 岁萨摩亚儿童的儿童体重指数特征与血压和糖化血红蛋白的关系。

导言：人们对太平洋地区儿童糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）和血压（BP）升高的发生率和风险因素知之甚少。我们研究了萨摩亚 6-9 岁儿童 HbA1c 和 BP 与 2、5 岁体重指数 (BMI) 以及 2-9 岁体重指数速度之间的关系。方法：对正在进行队列研究的 n = 410 名萨摩亚儿童进行了 HbA1c（毛细血管血）和 BP 测量。多层次模型预测了 BMI 的轨迹特征。广义线性回归评估了童年特征和体重指数轨迹与 HbA1c 和血压（作为连续和分类结果）之间的关联。主要照顾者报告的童年特征被用作协变量：总体而言，12.90%（n = 53）的儿童 HbA1c 偏高（≥5.7%），33.17%（n = 136）的儿童血压升高。男性 5 岁时的体重指数和体重指数速度与高 HbA1c 患病率呈正相关。速度每年增加 1 kg/m2 与高 HbA1c 患病率增加 1.71 倍（95% CI：1.07，2.75）有关。在女性中，5 岁时较高的体重指数和较快的体重指数速度与 6-9 岁时较高的血压有关（95% CI：分别为 1.12、1.40 和 1.42、2.74）：监测儿童 BMI 轨迹可为这一高危人群的心脏代谢疾病筛查和预防工作提供参考。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Pediatric Obesity PEDIATRICS-

CiteScore

7.30

自引率

5.30%

发文量

117

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Pediatric Obesity is a peer-reviewed, monthly journal devoted to research into obesity during childhood and adolescence. The topic is currently at the centre of intense interest in the scientific community, and is of increasing concern to health policy-makers and the public at large. Pediatric Obesity has established itself as the leading journal for high quality papers in this field, including, but not limited to, the following: Genetic, molecular, biochemical and physiological aspects of obesity – basic, applied and clinical studies relating to mechanisms of the development of obesity throughout the life course and the consequent effects of obesity on health outcomes Metabolic consequences of child and adolescent obesity Epidemiological and population-based studies of child and adolescent overweight and obesity Measurement and diagnostic issues in assessing child and adolescent adiposity, physical activity and nutrition Clinical management of children and adolescents with obesity including studies of treatment and prevention Co-morbidities linked to child and adolescent obesity – mechanisms, assessment, and treatment Life-cycle factors eg familial, intrauterine and developmental aspects of child and adolescent obesity Nutrition security and the "double burden" of obesity and malnutrition Health promotion strategies around the issues of obesity, nutrition and physical activity in children and adolescents Community and public health measures to prevent overweight and obesity in children and adolescents.