Critical Review on Various Solar Drying Technologies: Direct and Indirect Solar Dryer Systems

IF 1.204 Q3 Energy Applied Solar Energy Pub Date : 2024-03-05 DOI:10.3103/S0003701X2360073X
C. N. Deepak, Aruna Kumar Behura
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Abstract

Food industry being one of the world’s largest energy intensive industries, lack of proper preservation and storage techniques have led to huge amount of food losses and wastage. Dehydration of food and vegetables has been an effective technique of preservation as this reduces post-harvest losses, make them easier to transport, store and can prevent the growth of microbes. Abundant solar energy being available for free of cost, solar drying is desirable in terms of environment friendliness, economic benefits and is compatible for remote locations. Solar dryers optimize this process with efficient utilization of solar energy and provides higher quality products. Different configurations of solar dryers with diverse configurations and applications have been designed and implemented over the years. Based on the difference in supply and utilization of solar energy, the most prominent solar dryer configurations are direct and indirect solar dryers. This work intends to review the features, design and performance of existing direct and indirect solar dryers. Major challenges such as intermittency and unsteady availability of solar energy has been addressed through thermal energy storage by many research studies, which has also been effectively reviewed. Materials used for construction, design constraints, thermal energy storage integration and experimental results have been discussed and tabulated. The review revealed highly efficient solar collectors such as tube type absorber and evacuated tube collectors, solar concentrators employed dryers capable of achieving elevated temperatures, greenhouse and solar tent dryers with huge capacity and novel dryer and collector designs of superior performance. Various integration techniques of different thermal energy storage materials and their enhancement in performance were eminently observed in the review. As a source of technological attributes and constructional features, this review paper intends to aid the development of solar dryers and food preservation employing renewable energy.

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对各种太阳能干燥技术的严格审查:直接和间接太阳能干燥系统
摘要 食品工业是世界上最大的能源密集型产业之一,缺乏适当的保存和储存技术导致了大量的食品损失和浪费。食品和蔬菜的脱水是一种有效的保存技术,因为它可以减少收获后的损失,使其更易于运输和储存,并能防止微生物的生长。丰富的太阳能可以免费获得,太阳能干燥从环境友好、经济效益和适用于偏远地区的角度来看都是可取的。太阳能干燥器通过有效利用太阳能优化了这一过程,并提供了更高质量的产品。多年来,人们设计并实施了不同配置和应用的太阳能干燥机。根据太阳能供应和利用的不同,最主要的太阳能干燥机配置是直接和间接太阳能干燥机。这项工作旨在回顾现有直接和间接太阳能干燥器的特点、设计和性能。许多研究已通过热能储存解决了太阳能间歇性和不稳定性等主要挑战,本研究也对这些挑战进行了有效审查。研究还讨论了建筑材料、设计限制、热能储存集成和实验结果,并将其列表。综述揭示了高效太阳能集热器(如管式吸收器和真空管集热器)、采用太阳能聚光器的能达到高温的干燥器、容量巨大的温室和太阳能帐篷干燥器以及性能优越的新型干燥器和集热器设计。综述中还详细介绍了不同热能储存材料的各种集成技术及其性能的提高。作为技术属性和结构特征的来源,本综述论文旨在帮助开发太阳能干燥器和利用可再生能源保存食物。
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来源期刊
Applied Solar Energy
Applied Solar Energy Energy-Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
CiteScore
2.50
自引率
0.00%
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0
期刊介绍: Applied Solar Energy  is an international peer reviewed journal covers various topics of research and development studies on solar energy conversion and use: photovoltaics, thermophotovoltaics, water heaters, passive solar heating systems, drying of agricultural production, water desalination, solar radiation condensers, operation of Big Solar Oven, combined use of solar energy and traditional energy sources, new semiconductors for solar cells and thermophotovoltaic system photocells, engines for autonomous solar stations.
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