Health-related quality of life measured using the EQ-5D-3L: iranian population norms.

Abstract

Background: Normative values are valuable for comparing a specific population with the general population, making them particularly useful in disease burden studies and cost-effectiveness analysis. The objective of this study was to estimate HRQoL normative values for the EQ-5D measure in Iran.

Methods: The analysis was performed using a sample (n = 27,704) of the Iranian adult population, which was extracted from a nationwide survey conducted in 2021. Participants assessed their health-related quality of life using the EQ-5D-3 L instrument and a visual analogue scale (EQ VAS). Multivariable regression analyses were performed to examine the relationships between utility scores, EQ VAS scores, and various socio-demographic factors.

Results: The mean utility and EQ VAS scores of the total sample were 0.87 (95% CI: 0.86, 0.88) and 72.9 (95% CI: 72.7, 73.1), respectively. Almost half of the respondents (46.8%) reported a health state without any problems. The most prevalent problems were pain/discomfort (38.3%) and anxiety/depression (35.2%). Furthermore, EQ-5D values and EQ VAS scores were associated with gender, age, employment status, education level, marital status, and chronic illness.

Conclusions: This study provided normative values for the general population in Iran. Policymakers and researchers can use these values as a reference for population norms in economic assessments and studies focusing on the population's health.