Factors influencing traumatic brain injuries in maxillofacial fractures: A 12-year retrospective analysis of 2841 patients

IF 2.3 3区医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Dental Traumatology Pub Date : 2024-03-08 DOI:10.1111/edt.12942

Jingjing Mao, Jiawen Xue, Yunlong Li, Qi Zhou, Shuo Zhou, Zhongwei Zhou

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Abstract

Background/Aim

Results of studies investigating the association between traumatic brain injury (TBI) and maxillofacial fractures (MFs) have varied considerably. The present study aimed to evaluate the correlation between TBIs and MFs, as well as the impact of age, sex, trauma mechanism, and season on TBIs.

Materials and Methods

This 12-year retrospective study of 2841 patients used univariate and multivariate logistic regression to assess the association between MFs and other factors impacting TBIs.

Results

Among 2841 patients, 1978 TBIs occurred in 829 (29.2%), with intracranial injuries (n = 828) is the most common. Of 829 patients with TBIs, 688 were male and 141 were female, corresponding to a male-to-female ratio of 4.9:1.0. The most common age group was 40–49 years (24.6%). Vehicles (including motor vehicles and electric vehicles) accidents were the primary causes of injuries. Multivariate regression analyses revealed an increased risk for TBIs among males (odds ratio [OR] 0.632, p < 0.001). Patients >40 years of age were at higher risk for TBIs, especially those ≥70 years (OR 3.966, p = 0.001). Vehicle accidents were a high-risk factor for TBIs (OR 6.894, p < 0.001), and winter was the most prevalent season for such injuries (OR 1.559, p = 0.002). Risk for TBI increased by 136.4% in combined midfacial and mandibular fractures (p = 0.016) and by 101.6% in multiple midfacial fractures (p = 0.045). TBIs were less common in single mandibular fractures, notably in single-angle fractures, with a risk of only 0.204-fold.

Conclusion

TBIs in MFs were significantly correlated with sex, age, aetiology, season and fracture location. Maxillofacial surgeons and emergency physicians must be aware of the possible association between TBIs and MFs to assess and manage this complicated relationship in a timely manner.

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影响颌面部骨折脑外伤的因素：对 2841 名患者进行的 12 年回顾性分析。

背景/目的：有关创伤性脑损伤（TBI）与颌面部骨折（MFs）之间关系的研究结果差异很大。本研究旨在评估创伤性脑损伤与颌面部骨折之间的相关性，以及年龄、性别、创伤机制和季节对创伤性脑损伤的影响：这项为期12年、对2841名患者进行的回顾性研究使用单变量和多变量逻辑回归评估了MFs与影响创伤性脑损伤的其他因素之间的关联：在 2841 名患者中，1978 年有 829 人（29.2%）发生了创伤性脑损伤，其中颅内损伤（828 人）最为常见。在 829 名创伤性脑损伤患者中，男性 688 人，女性 141 人，男女比例为 4.9:1.0。最常见的年龄组为 40-49 岁（24.6%）。车辆（包括机动车和电动车）事故是受伤的主要原因。多变量回归分析显示，男性发生创伤性脑损伤的风险更高（几率比[OR] 0.632，P = 0.001），40 岁以上人群发生创伤性脑损伤的风险更高，尤其是年龄≥70 岁的人群（OR 3.966，P = 0.001）。车辆事故是造成创伤性脑损伤的高危因素（OR 6.894，P 结论：车辆事故是造成创伤性脑损伤的高危因素：中风患者的创伤性脑损伤与性别、年龄、病因、季节和骨折部位有明显的相关性。颌面外科医生和急诊医生必须意识到创伤性脑损伤与中风之间可能存在的关联，以便及时评估和处理这种复杂的关系。

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来源期刊

Dental Traumatology 医学-牙科与口腔外科

CiteScore

6.40

自引率

32.00%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Dental Traumatology is an international journal that aims to convey scientific and clinical progress in all areas related to adult and pediatric dental traumatology. This includes the following topics: - Epidemiology, Social Aspects, Education, Diagnostics - Esthetics / Prosthetics/ Restorative - Evidence Based Traumatology & Study Design - Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery/Transplant/Implant - Pediatrics and Orthodontics - Prevention and Sports Dentistry - Endodontics and Periodontal Aspects The journal"s aim is to promote communication among clinicians, educators, researchers, and others interested in the field of dental traumatology.