Dental Traumatology最新文献

Background: Traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) are a significant public health concern, especially prevalent among active populations like military personnel, where the causes and consequences of such injuries can be particularly severe due to the nature of their duties. This study aimed to investigate the patterns, associated injuries, and complications experienced by military personnel who sustained dental trauma.

Methods: This retrospective observational study utilized data from the Israel Defense Forces Trauma Registry, examining incidents from January 1997 through December 2018. The focus was on military personnel with injuries localized to the head, neck, and maxillofacial regions, analyzing the prevalence, types, and management of dental trauma.

Results: Out of 672 documented cases, 71 (10.5%) involved dental injuries. The most common injuries were tooth loss (5.2%), followed by tooth crown fractures (3.4%) and periodontal ligament (PDL) injuries (1.9%). Incisors were the most frequently injured teeth. Temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) was identified in 10.2% of the subjects, with a notable 42.9% of TMD patients sustaining dental injuries as well.

Discussion: The study highlights the unique challenges of managing TDIs in military settings, emphasizing the need for early and effective treatment to prevent long-term consequences. Comparisons with civilian data reveal higher rates of severe injuries in military personnel, underscoring the importance of specialized training for military dentists in trauma management.

Conclusion: Dental injuries in the military require a focused approach due to the severe nature of the traumas involved. Effective management of these injuries is crucial to ensure the personnel's rapid recovery and continued operational readiness. The findings recommend implementing specialized training for military dentists and introducing mouthguard policies to mitigate dental injuries in combat scenarios.

Aims: To evaluate the reporting quality of abstracts of systematic reviews (SRs) with meta-analyses (MA) related to traumatic dental injuries (TDI) using the PRISMA for Abstract (PRISMA-A) 2020 checklist and to determine potential predictive factors associated with the overall reporting quality.

Methods: SRs with MA identified in PubMed, SCOPUS, and EBSCOhost databases from inception to May 2024 within the scope of TDI were included. The abstracts were evaluated for reporting quality in accordance with the 12 items of the PRISMA-A checklist. Each item was awarded a score of "1" or "0" for adequate or inadequate responses, whereas items that were partially addressed were awarded a score of "0.5". Utilizing multiple regression analysis, the association between six predictor variables (journal impact factor, publication year, number of authors, a priori protocol registration, word count of the abstract, and continent of the corresponding author) were examined in relation to the total PRISMA-A scores. The p-value was set at 5%.

Results: Abstracts from 53 SRs with MA were included. All adequately reported the "Title" and "General interpretation of the results and important implications". However, none adequately addressed the "Source of funding". A significant positive association was identified between the reporting quality of the abstract and both the year of publication (p = 0.032) and the word count of the abstracts (p = 0.002).

Conclusion: The adherence of abstracts of SRs with MA to the PRISMA-A checklist was deficient in several items. Authors should ensure their abstracts comply with the PRISMA-A checklist, as this will enhance their reporting quality and ultimately benefit patients, clinicians, and other stakeholders.

Face guards effectively reduce the risk of facial injuries in athletes. This study aimed to present a case report and discuss the scientific literature on facial trauma in sports and innovations in the fabrication of face guards. Global regulatory disparities and the importance of education in promoting the use of protective equipment are key factors for injury prevention. Conventionally, alginate impressions have been widely used in manufacturing processes. However, the implementation of digital workflows involving photogrammetry and three-dimensional printing offers a promising alternative for fabricating customized face guards. Various materials have been used for fabricating the outer layer of face guards, with carbon fibers standing out for their ability to enhance both protection and comfort. These findings suggest that digital innovations and custom designs can improve athlete safety and increase comfort and confidence, thereby contributing to a safer sports environment.

An example of contrasting responses in two root fractured teeth in a 16-year-old male seriously injured in a hit-and-run motor accident is documented over a 34-year 9-month period. Extended non-surgical endodontic management was necessary for one of the root-fractured central incisors that had developed an infective marginal breakdown, and by contrast, the contralateral incisor with a diagnosis of internal surface resorption and internal tunneling resorption was carefully monitored to ultimate resolution.

Tooth avulsion is among the most severe dental traumas, with prognosis heavily dependent on prompt and appropriate management at the accident scene. Despite existing educational resources, a significant knowledge gap persists among laypersons regarding emergency response to tooth avulsion. The TOOTH F.I.R.S.T Aid acronym is introduced as an effective educational tool aligned with the 2020 International Association of Dental Traumatology (IADT) Guidelines to simplify and promote correct immediate actions. This short communication presents the acronym, emphasizes its importance, discusses strategies for its implementation, addresses potential limitations, and encourages its promotion to improve outcomes in dental avulsion cases.

Objective: To verify the association between physical activity (PA) and prevalence and severity of traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) in 4-year-old children.

Methods: A cohort study was conducted involving all children born in 2015 in Pelotas, Brazil. During the 4-year follow-up period, mothers answered a questionnaire regarding their child's health and demographic characteristics. All children underwent a clinical examination to assess their oral health, including TDIs, classified as per the United Kingdom Children's Dental Health Survey criteria and Glendor's classification for injury severity. PA levels were measured using an accelerometer and maternal perceptions.

Results: The prevalence of TDI was 14.5% and 85.5% for complicated and uncomplicated TDIs, respectively. The cohort comprised 50.5% boys and 49.5% girls, with a higher TDI prevalence observed in boys (22.4%) than in girls (17.9%) (p = 0.001). Furthermore, boys exhibited more severe TDIs (p < 0.001). No association was observed between PA and the prevalence of TDIs in the overall cohort. However, a trend toward an increase in the severity of complicated trauma (TDI) with higher levels of PA was observed. In particular, children in the higher tertile had a higher proportion of severe TDIs compared to those in the lower PA tertile (relative risk [RR]: 2.42; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.34-4.36). Moreover, children whose mothers considered them more active than their counterparts were more likely to have complicated TDIs (RR: 1.52; 95% CI: 1.06-2.20).

Conclusion: We found an association between the severity of TDIs and increased PA. To avoid TDIs, a safer environment for PA should be provided.

Background/aims: Emergency department visits for dental issues are mainly related to traumatic injuries. Knowledge of emergency department staff regarding diagnosis and treatment of dentofacial injuries is quite significant for prognosis of teeth and peripheral tissues. The aim of this study is to assess attitude, knowledge, education and self-confidence of undergraduate nursing students, who will work at emergency departments in the future, regarding diagnosis and treatment of dental traumatic injuries.

Materials and methods: This survey was prepared by modifying questions of the previous survey that had been internationally published. It was a face-to-face survey consisting of 15 questions regarding management of the dental traumas. Questions addressing participants' genders and year of study were added to the survey form. The survey was distributed to 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th-year undergraduate nursing students. Analysis results were presented in the form of frequencies. Pearson's chi-squared test and the Fisher-Freeman-Halton test were used for analysis of the categorical data. Multiple comparisons were made using the Bonferroni-correction Z test. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results: The survey was responded by a total of 297 participants, including 47 men and 250 women. Participants consisted of 35.4% first-year, 28.6% second-year, 15.5% third-year, and 20.5% fourth-year nursing students. The third-year undergraduate students believed that they had adequate knowledge, and they were also the group that most strongly supported for administration of tetanus vaccine (p < 0.05). No significant difference was observed among nursing students regarding other topics. Students' knowledge and awareness levels respecting particularly avulsion injuries were found to be inadequate regardless of their year of study.

Conclusions: Knowledge of most undergraduate nursing students regarding diagnosis and treatment of dentofacial traumatic injuries were insufficient. An additional education is required for students during and after their formal education to manage dental traumas following graduation.

Background: Dentoalveolar ankylosis posttrauma or external cervical resorption (ECR) post orthodontics might affect permanent teeth in growing individuals. Decoronation and root submergence attempt to minimize the impact of these sequelae. This is one of the few reports in which the survival of provisional restorations and preservation of the marginal bone post long-term follow-up of this treatment modality were evaluated for several cases.

Materials and methods: Nine upper permanent incisors with ankylosis or ECR, treated using decoronation and root submergence were examined. The qualitative changes in the vertical dimension of the alveolar ridge were measured on periapical radiographs by means of a three-point scoring system, and the time to moderate and considerable bone increase was assessed using Kaplan-Meier curves. The quantitative changes in vertical bone dimension were measured on the periapical radiographs and the inter-rater reliability was assessed. The survival of the temporary restoration post decoronation and the presence of root remnants were evaluated. The mean age of the patients was 11 years at the time of trauma and 15.3 years when decoronated. The follow-up period post decoronation was 1.5-8.5 years (mean 3.5 years). Post decoronation, quantitatively, 5 cases presented a slight bone increase (0.01-2 mm) and 4 unchanged or slightly decreased bone levels (0.2-1.3 mm). Qualitatively, 60% (95% CI; 15%-90%) of the female patients showed moderate bone increase and 40% (95% CI; 10%-70%) considerable, respectively, 1.7-8.3 and 2.5-8.3 years post decoronation. Age was inversely proportional with bone increase, independent of gender. At 1.5 years follow-up, root remnants were present in all cases. The tooth shaped as a pontic failed the most as a temporary restoration.

Conclusion: Despite limitations, the following can be concluded: decoronation and root submergence of permanent incisors in growing individuals seem promising in terms of long-term vertical alveolar ridge preservation. The restorative temporary replacement of decoronized teeth is challenging.

Background: This study assessed the accuracy and consistency of responses provided by six Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications, ChatGPT version 3.5 (OpenAI), ChatGPT version 4 (OpenAI), ChatGPT version 4.0 (OpenAI), Perplexity (Perplexity.AI), Gemini (Google), and Copilot (Bing), to questions related to emergency management of avulsed teeth.

Materials and methods: Two pediatric dentists developed 18 true or false questions regarding dental avulsion and asked public chatbots for 3 days. The responses were recorded and compared with the correct answers. The SPSS program was used to calculate the obtained accuracies and their consistency.

Results: ChatGPT 4.0 achieved the highest accuracy rate of 95.6% over the entire time frame, while Perplexity (Perplexity.AI) had the lowest accuracy rate of 67.2%. ChatGPT version 4.0 (OpenAI) was the only AI that achieved perfect agreement with real answers, except at noon on day 1. ChatGPT version 3.5 (OpenAI) was the AI that showed the weakest agreement (6 times).

Conclusions: With the exception of ChatGPT's paid version, 4.0, AI chatbots do not seem ready for use as the main resource in managing avulsed teeth during emergencies. It might prove beneficial to incorporate the International Association of Dental Traumatology (IADT) guidelines in chatbot databases, enhancing their accuracy and consistency.