Development and Validation of the Adolescent and Children Risk of Abuse and Maltreatment Unaccompanied Scale (ACRAM-US)

IF 1.7 Q2 FAMILY STUDIES Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma Pub Date : 2024-03-09 DOI:10.1007/s40653-024-00627-4

Paula Samper, Adrián García-Mollá, José M. Tomás, Elisabet Marco-Arocas

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Abstract

Independent migration of children and adolescents is becoming a political and social issue in recent years. Literature documents that the migration process of young people without an adult referent entail serious psychological problems. Moreover, the lack of coherence in the assessment and care processes aggravates the damage suffered by minors, which requires a greater investment of institutional resources. The aim of this research is to describe the development and provide psychometric properties of Adolescent and Children Risk of Abuse and Maltreatment Unaccompanied Scale (ACRAM-US), a 9-items scale for the assessment of risks factors of child abuse and neglect in the specific population of unaccompanied asylum-seeking children and adolescents. Structural validity, reliability and convergent-related validity were studied for this measure in a sample of 128 unaccompanied children and adolescents. The sample included cases of 14 different nationalities. Children’s mean age was 16.94 (SD = 1.84), and 96.9% were male and 3.1% were female. Cases were informed by child welfare workers from different protective services in the XXXX Community (XXXX). The results of Exploratory Factor Analyses (EFA) indicate performance better solution with 2-dimensions which was also in line with theoretical formulation (χ² = 31.55, df = 19, p = .035, CFI = 0.991, SRMR = 0.081, RMSEA = 0.072, [90% CI: 0.019 − 0.115]). Results of convergent validity showed significant correlation with the Children Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF). Therefore, this study provides data of the first scale that assess risks factors of maltreatment for the unaccompanied asylum-seeking children and adolescents.

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无人陪伴青少年和儿童虐待风险量表（ACRAM-US）的开发与验证

近年来，儿童和青少年的独立移民正在成为一个政治和社会问题。有文献表明，在没有成人监护的情况下，青少年的移民过程会带来严重的心理问题。此外，由于评估和照顾过程缺乏连贯性，未成年人遭受的伤害更加严重，需要投入更多的机构资源。无人陪伴青少年和儿童虐待风险量表（ACRAM-US）由 9 个项目组成，用于评估无人陪伴寻求庇护儿童和青少年这一特定人群中儿童受虐待和忽视的风险因素。在 128 名无人陪伴儿童和青少年样本中对该量表的结构效度、可靠性和收敛相关效度进行了研究。样本包括 14 个不同国籍的案例。儿童的平均年龄为 16.94 岁（SD = 1.84），96.9% 为男性，3.1% 为女性。案例由来自 XXXX 社区（XXXX）不同保护机构的儿童福利工作者提供。探索性因素分析（EFA）结果表明，2 个维度的解决方案表现较好，也符合理论表述（χ2 = 31.55, df = 19, p = .035, CFI = 0.991, SRMR = 0.081, RMSEA = 0.072, [90% CI: 0.019 - 0.115]）。收敛效度结果表明，该问卷与儿童创伤问卷-简表（CTQ-SF）有显著相关性。因此，本研究提供了首个评估无人陪伴的寻求庇护儿童和青少年遭受虐待风险因素的量表数据。

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来源期刊

Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma Multiple-

CiteScore

3.00

自引率

6.70%

发文量

期刊介绍： Underpinned by a biopsychosocial approach, the Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma presents original research and prevention and treatment strategies for understanding and dealing with symptoms and disorders related to the psychological effects of trauma experienced by children and adolescents during childhood and where the impact of these experiences continues into adulthood. The journal also examines intervention models directed toward the individual, family, and community, new theoretical models and approaches, and public policy proposals and innovations. In addition, the journal promotes rigorous investigation and debate on the human capacity for agency, resilience and longer-term healing in the face of child and adolescent trauma. With a multidisciplinary approach that draws input from the psychological, medical, social work, sociological, public health, legal and education fields, the journal features research, intervention approaches and evidence-based programs, theoretical articles, specific review articles, brief reports and case studies, and commentaries on current and/or controversial topics. The journal also encourages submissions from less heard voices, for example in terms of geography, minority status or service user perspectives. Among the topics examined in the Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma: The effects of childhood maltreatment Loss, natural disasters, and political conflict Exposure to or victimization from family or community violence Racial, ethnic, gender, sexual orientation or class discrimination Physical injury, diseases, and painful or debilitating medical treatments The impact of poverty, social deprivation and inequality Barriers and facilitators on pathways to recovery The Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma is an important resource for practitioners, policymakers, researchers, and academics whose work is centered on children exposed to traumatic events and adults exposed to traumatic events as children.