Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma最新文献

Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) are widely recognized as prominent risk factors for negative psychosocial outcomes. Despite the plethora of literature on ACEs, comparatively little research has investigated ACEs as a potential risk factor for eventual trafficking. Instead, the greater part of the literature views experiences of human trafficking as a precipitant of adversity. The present paper reviews the extant literature investigating ACEs as risk factors for human trafficking. PRISMA guidelines were used to complete a comprehensive literature review across four databases (Pubmed, PsycINFO, EMBASE, and MEDLINE) which assessed the relationship between individual ACEs and human trafficking risk. Study findings are summarized, and studies' operational definitions for human trafficking status and ACEs were highlighted. Out of a total of 49 results, six studies met the inclusion criteria for the present review. While results vary between individual studies, trends in study findings indicate that the presence of ACEs leads to risk for eventual trafficking status. Experiences of sexual abuse, physical abuse, and physical neglect in particular were prominently identified as risk factors for human trafficking. Methodological limitations identified across studies, and implications for practice, policy, and future research are discussed.

Childhood traumatic experiences have long-term negative consequences for individual mental and physical well-being. Specifically, depression has proven to be a common consequence of previous trauma in adolescents. Furthermore, the course of depressive symptoms is worse in individuals with a traumatic history. Resilience may mitigate the impact of different types of trauma on depressive symptoms, but there is less information about these associations longitudinally. We therefore examined the effect of childhood trauma, including physical and emotional neglect and abuse, on the change in depressive symptoms over a six-month follow-up in outpatient adolescents, as well as the role of resilience in this association. We used a transdiagnostic approach by examining the depressive symptoms, resilience, and childhood traumatization, regardless of the psychiatric diagnosis, in a naturalistic study setting. Resilience measured with the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS), childhood adversities and trauma experiences, including emotional neglect, emotional abuse, physical neglect, physical abuse, and sexual abuse, measured with the Trauma and Distress Scale (TADS), and depressive symptoms measured with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-IA) were self-evaluated at baseline and on six-month follow-up by 297 adolescent participants in a natural study setting. Paired sample t-tests were conducted to measure the change in BDI scores during the follow-up. Mediation and moderation analysis with resilience was performed to investigate the effect of resilience on the association between trauma subtypes and the change in depressive symptoms during the follow-up. Childhood adversities and trauma experiences associated with resilience, the strongest associations being with emotional abuse, emotional neglect, and physical neglect, as well as with the alleviation of depressive symptoms during the follow-up, except for sexual abuse. The latter effect was mediated by resilience, even after adjustment for several possible confounding factors. Only sexual abuse did not associate with the change in depressive symptoms through resilience. No moderating effect of resilience was observed on the association between trauma or any trauma subtype and the alleviation of depressive symptoms. The broad assessment of childhood traumatic experiences, including emotional neglect, emotional abuse, physical neglect, and physical abuse, together with resilience in relation to depressive symptoms, regardless the psychiatric diagnosis, followed by interventions focused on resilience enhancement is suggested to alleviate depression in outpatient adolescents with such experiences of trauma.

Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40653-025-00728-8.

The current study examined childhood trauma, mindfulness, and interpersonal outcomes of attachment anxiety (fear of rejection in close relationships) and horizontal collectivism (HC; valuing equality and group harmony) using a diverse sample of university students. The 84 study participants completed the Early Trauma Inventory Short Form Revised, the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire, Experiences in Close Relationships Scale - Revised, and the Cultural Orientation Scale. In accordance with prior findings, mindfulness significantly mediated the relationship between childhood trauma and attachment anxiety (B = .06, [.03, .10]), highlighting the effects of childhood trauma on a process of mistrust in close relationships. While mindfulness did not mediate the relationship between childhood trauma and HC, the results indicated that acting with awareness, which is an aspect of mindfulness, significantly mediated the relationship between childhood trauma and HC (B = -.14, [-.28, -.03]). These novel findings indicate how childhood trauma and its subsequent impact on mindfulness not only affects a student's functioning within their close relationships but also has effects on their larger cultural values. In particular, the findings from the current study suggest that childhood trauma may decrease a student's interdependence within their university community, which is crucial for their psychological and academic success.

The study compares the psychological symptoms of children and sociality in the toxic humidifier disinfectant and norm groups. We examine how psychological symptoms are differentially related to sociality by the two groups. The participants included 130 toxic humidifier disinfectant survivors and 129 children in the norm group. We used the bivariate correlation and a multi-group Structural Equation Model (SEM) to explore group differences in the relationship between psychological symptoms and sociality. The results indicate that survivors' psychological symptoms were significantly higher than that of those in the norm group. When controlling for the influence of all other psychological symptoms on sociality, somatic complaints had a positive effect on sociality in the survivor group. Furthermore, the more attention problems faced by the survivor group, the more significantly difficult sociality was. Practical implications are discussed for child survivors exposed to toxic humidifier disinfectant.

This study, rooted in the Bioecological Systems and Cultural Spillover theories, explores the factors influencing interpersonal violence development. Analyzing data from 4,167 men (mean age = 20.67, SD = 1.71) and 9,969 women (mean age = 20.42, SD = 1.70), the model tests the influence of sex, childhood aggression, self-control, violent peers, violent parenting, violence approval, state violence, and militarization on interpersonal violence. Linear Mixed-Effects Models revealed that interpersonal violence is positively associated with childhood aggression, violent peers, violent parenting, and violence approval; and it is negatively associated with self-control. State violence and militarization indirectly affect interpersonal violence through violent parenting and violence approval. The findings underscore the complex interplay of individual and societal factors in shaping interpersonal violence.

Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40653-025-00731-z.

Bullying, both traditional and cyber, is a pervasive issue affecting adolescents, leading to mental health issues and risky sexual behaviors. This study investigates the sex-specific relationship between bullying victimization and unprotected sex among school-going adolescents in Argentina, examining the moderating role of parental emotional support. Secondary data from the 2018 Argentina Global School-based Student Health Survey was analyzed, including 25,892 sexually active adolescents aged 12-17. Logistic regression models were used to assess the association between traditional bullying/cyberbullying and unprotected sex, stratified by sex. The moderating effect of parental emotional support was examined among bullying victims. Traditional bullying was higher among male students (27% vs. 23% in females) and was associated with higher odds of unprotected sex among males (AOR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.10, 1.75) but not among females. Cyberbullying was higher among females (21% vs. 14% in males) and significantly increased the likelihood of unprotected sex among females (AOR: 1.41, 95% CI: 1.14, 1.74) but not among males. Parental emotional support showed a protective effect against unprotected sex for cyberbullied females (AOR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.59, 0.96) but not for traditionally bullied adolescents of either sex. The study reveals gender-specific associations between bullying victimization and unprotected sex among Argentine adolescents. Parental emotional support appears to moderate this relationship, particularly for cyberbullied females. These findings highlight the need for gender-sensitive interventions addressing both bullying prevention and sexual health education, emphasizing the importance of parental support in mitigating risky sexual behaviors among bullied adolescents.

Fear of negative evaluation (FNE) impacts adolescent young adult (AYA) college students' mental health through impaired academic and social performance. Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are prevalent among college students and may play a role in exacerbating FNE symptoms. Early life stressors are associated with anxiety sensitivity (AS) which may contribute to the development or worsening of FNE. We examined predictors of FNE among college students during the COVID-19 pandemic, hypothesizing that AS would mediate the relationship between ACEs and FNE. Participants were 192 students (M _age =19.90, SD = 1.26; 66.7% female; 78.6% non-Hispanic White) from a public, midwestern university. Participants completed demographics, ACEs, AS, and FNE questionnaires during March and April of 2020. AS fully mediated the relation between ACEs and FNE. Students who experienced greater ACEs reported increased AS and FNE. Findings suggest AS may be a help prevent further psychological distress from FNE among students who have been impacted by childhood adversity.

Mentalization refers to an individual's ability to understand their own behaviours and those of others in terms of mental states. Its development is closely linked to a child's early life experiences. For its part, the development of the ability to play is also rooted in the relationship with a secure and supportive caregiver. Some children do not have this opportunity and grow up with a caregiver who repeatedly neglects or abuses them over time. These children may experience early relational trauma (ERT). In that situation, the acquisition of mentalization and play skills may be affected. The aim of this research is to describe the development of mentalization and play processes in children with and without ERT in the context of psychodynamic psychotherapy (PP). To achieve this, data concerning the mentalization processes and play of two children taking part in PP were examined: one child who had experienced ERT and another from the general population. Individual case protocols were used to observe the evolution of these two variables. The number and duration of play segments, as well as the mentalization precursors of the child with ERT, changed over the course of PP, whereas they remained stable for the child in the general population. In children who have experienced ERT, the presence of a non-linear evolution of traumatic play has been observed.

Objective: To explore the effect of narrative nursing on a minor patient with HIV infection and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) due to sexual abuse.

Methods: An underage female patient with HIV infection and PTSD due to sexual abuse was treated at the Department of Infection of a tertiary hospital. The five core narrative nursing techniques were used to give the patient affirmation, companionship, and support throughout the entire intervention cycle, with a mindset of acceptance and empathy, patient listening, and skillful communication. The effect of the intervention was evaluated by the PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version (PCL-L) and the Self-Depression Scale (SDS).

Results: After the 1-month narrative nursing intervention, the patient's PCL-L score decreased from 65 to 25 and her SDS score decreased from 55 to 33. The patient's psychological condition significantly improved, her self-identity improved, and she took the initiative to socialize with others.

Conclusion: Narrative nursing can alleviate patients' spiritual wounds through in-depth nurse‒patient communication, enable patients to form a new self-identity, and tap their own energy and resources to combat negative emotions caused by the disease.

Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40653-025-00736-8.

Previous research has primarily focused on the effect of being bullied on mental health; however, little attention has been given to the impact of bullying others on adolescents' mental health. This study aims to investigate the mediating roles of stress and anxiety in the relationship between bullying (both being bullied and bullying others) and depression among Vietnamese adolescents. The sample consisted of 714 adolescents (46.6% male and 53.4% female). The Cyberbullying and Victimization Questionnaire and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales were administered. The results indicated that stress (B = 0.166, SE = 0.030, CI = [0.112; 0.229]) and anxiety (B = 0.128, SE = 0.022, CI = [0.088; 0.173]) fully mediated the relationship between being bullied and depression. Similarly, stress (B = 0.172, SE = 0.039, CI = [0.102; 0.258]) and anxiety (B = 0.121, SE = 0.028, CI = [0.071; 0.182]) fully mediated the relationship between bullying others and depression. In both models, the direct effects of being bullied and bullying others on depression were not statistically significant after accounting for the mediators. These findings have important implications for educators and psychological counselors.