Brain death: a review

IF 0.7 Q4 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Egyptian journal of neurosurgery Pub Date : 2024-03-08 DOI:10.1186/s41984-024-00269-6
Mohamed Abdelbari Mattar, Zakaria Mohamed Zakwan
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Abstract

To date, the recognized medical criteria for BD/DNC (brain death/death according to neurological criteria) in the USA (United States of America) are the 2010 AAN (American Academy of Neurology) standards for identification of the BD/DNC for adult age and the 2011 Society of Critical Care Medicine/Child Neurology Society/American Academy of Pediatrics standards for identification of BD/DNC in Pediatrics. Though the definition of death should be constant between clinicians, hospitals, and nations to endorse that whoever is considered dead somewhere will not be regarded as alive in another place. This provoked the construction of the worldwide Brain Death Project that declared a global agreement report on the BD/DNC which is accredited by 5 international federations and 27 medical professional communities from all over the world. This review defines the essential requirements of BD/DNC, its assessment (including apnea test) on a clinical basis, usage of additional examinations, and the arguments for its definition worldwide. A precise and unbiased methodology is necessary to issue error-free declarations of death by defining BD/DNC while considering local regulations and values. Practitioners must learn to be familiar with the current guidelines, and the contents of the WBDP (world Brain Death Project) standard, which announces an updated International Agreement Report on BD/DNC and certified by 5 International federations and 27 professional medical communities from all over the world.
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脑死亡:回顾
迄今为止,美国(美利坚合众国)公认的 BD/DNC(根据神经学标准的脑死亡/死亡)医学标准是 2010 年 AAN(美国神经病学学会)成人 BD/DNC 鉴定标准和 2011 年重症监护医学会/儿童神经病学学会/美国儿科学会儿科 BD/DNC 鉴定标准。尽管临床医生、医院和国家对死亡的定义应保持一致,以确保在某地被视为死亡的人在另一个地方不会被视为活着。这促使全球脑死亡项目的建立,该项目宣布了一份关于 BD/DNC 的全球协议报告,该报告得到了全球 5 个国际联合会和 27 个医疗专业团体的认可。该报告得到了 5 个国际联合会和全球 27 个医学专业团体的认可。该报告界定了 BD/DNC 的基本要求、临床评估(包括呼吸暂停测试)、附加检查的使用以及在全球范围内对其进行定义的论据。在考虑当地法规和价值观的同时,通过定义 BD/DNC 来发布无差错的死亡宣告,需要一种精确且无偏见的方法。从业人员必须学习熟悉当前的指导方针和 WBDP(世界脑死亡项目)标准的内容,该标准公布了最新的 BD/DNC 国际协议报告,并得到了全球 5 个国际联合会和 27 个专业医疗团体的认证。
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