Made to order: emergency myelopoiesis and demand-adapted innate immune cell production

IF 67.7 1区 医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY Nature Reviews Immunology Pub Date : 2024-03-11 DOI:10.1038/s41577-024-00998-7
James W. Swann, Oakley C. Olson, Emmanuelle Passegué
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Abstract

Definitive haematopoiesis is the process by which haematopoietic stem cells, located in the bone marrow, generate all haematopoietic cell lineages in healthy adults. Although highly regulated to maintain a stable output of blood cells in health, the haematopoietic system is capable of extensive remodelling in response to external challenges, prioritizing the production of certain cell types at the expense of others. In this Review, we consider how acute insults, such as infections and cytotoxic drug-induced myeloablation, cause molecular, cellular and metabolic changes in haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells at multiple levels of the haematopoietic hierarchy to drive accelerated production of the mature myeloid cells needed to resolve the initiating insult. Moreover, we discuss how dysregulation or subversion of these emergency myelopoiesis mechanisms contributes to the progression of chronic inflammatory diseases and cancer. Acute infection and other insults cause extensive remodelling in the bone marrow to drive the production of new blood cells, often prioritizing the production of mature myeloid cells at the expense of other blood cell types. Here, the authors describe how haematopoiesis is affected by acute demand and how this can contribute to inflammatory disease and cancer when dysregulated.

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按需定制:紧急骨髓造血和适应需求的先天性免疫细胞生成
确定性造血是指位于骨髓中的造血干细胞在健康成年人体内生成所有造血细胞系的过程。虽然造血系统受到高度调控,以保持健康状态下血细胞的稳定输出,但它能够在应对外部挑战时进行广泛重塑,优先生成某些类型的细胞,而牺牲其他类型的细胞。在本综述中,我们将探讨急性损伤(如感染和细胞毒性药物诱导的髓细胞消减)如何在造血系统的多个层次上引起造血干细胞和祖细胞的分子、细胞和代谢变化,从而加速产生解决初始损伤所需的成熟髓细胞。此外,我们还讨论了这些紧急骨髓造血机制的失调或颠覆如何导致慢性炎症性疾病和癌症的发展。
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来源期刊
Nature Reviews Immunology
Nature Reviews Immunology 医学-免疫学
CiteScore
93.40
自引率
0.40%
发文量
131
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Nature Reviews Immunology is a journal that provides comprehensive coverage of all areas of immunology, including fundamental mechanisms and applied aspects. It has two international standard serial numbers (ISSN): 1474-1733 for print and 1474-1741 for online. In addition to review articles, the journal also features recent developments and new primary papers in the field, as well as reflections on influential people, papers, and events in the development of immunology. The subjects covered by Nature Reviews Immunology include allergy and asthma, autoimmunity, antigen processing and presentation, apoptosis and cell death, chemokines and chemokine receptors, cytokines and cytokine receptors, development and function of cells of the immune system, haematopoiesis, infection and immunity, immunotherapy, innate immunity, mucosal immunology and the microbiota, regulation of the immune response, signalling in the immune system, transplantation, tumour immunology and immunotherapy, and vaccine development.
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