Enfermedad renal crónica y mortalidad cardiovascular. Un factor de riesgo ignorado

Abstract

Objectives

The aim is to determine hidden chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its relationship with the appearance of cardiovascular events (CVD) and mortality. Furthermore, the aim is to identify cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) and calculate the degree of control of diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2 and dyslipidemia (DLP) prior to CVD.

Material and methods

It consists of a retrospective cohort study carried out in the Basic Health Zones (BHZ) of San Agustín, (population of 33,321 users) which consists of the health centers San Agustín, Illes Columbretes, and the auxiliary clinics of Borriol and Raval; and on the other hand, the BHZ of Almassora (25,831 users), calculated in analysis between January 2015 and December 2018. The main variables were CKD, CVD, mortality and CVRFs.

Results

Final sample of 243 patients from two cohorts of 135 without CKD and 99 with CKD (36.4% occult CKD). The HR of developing CVD was 4.28 and mortality was 12.3 in the group with CKD compared to the group without CKD. Regarding the relationship of CVRFs prior to the appearance of CVD, in the cohort with CKD, hypertension (HTA), DLP, and type 2 DM had significant results, compared to the cohort without CKD. Likewise, in the CKD cohort the percentage of DLP control was less than 50.0%, and greater than 66.66% in DM type 2.

Conclusions

It is observed that a third of patients are not diagnosed with CKD, which has a high probability of developing CVD or death. Given the lack of diagnosis, interventions in the control of DLP and DM type 2 are lower.