Unraveling Island Economies through Organic Residue Analysis: The Case of Mocha Island (Southern Chile)

IF 1.1 3区 地球科学 Q2 ANTHROPOLOGY Latin American Antiquity Pub Date : 2024-03-12 DOI:10.1017/laq.2023.58
Javier A. Montalvo-Cabrera, André C. Colonese, Roberto Campbell, Helen M. Talbot, Alexandre Lucquin, Marjolein Admiraal, Gabriela Palma, Oliver E. Craig
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Abstract

Biophysical conditions played a fundamental role in early human colonization of insular territories, particularly in food-producing societies dealing with limited resources and the challenges of maintaining a sustainable carrying capacity. Studies on past human colonization of small oceanic islands thus offer insights into economic plasticity, ecological impacts, and adaptation of early food-producing groups. On the coast of southern Chile, early evidence is dated to 950 cal BP of island colonization by coastal populations with mainland subsistence systems based on the exploitation of marine resources, along with gathering, managing, and cultivating plants and hunting terrestrial animals. Strikingly, the extent to which these mixed economies contributed to insular colonization efforts is largely unknown. Here we used organic residue analysis of ceramic artifacts to shed light on the subsistence of populations on Mocha Island in southern Chile. We extracted and analyzed lipids from 51 pottery sherds associated with the El Vergel cultural complex that flourished in southern Chile between 950 and 400 cal BP. Chemical and stable isotope analysis of the extracts identified a range of food products, including C3 and C4 plants and marine organisms. The results reveal the central role of mixed subsistence systems in fueling the colonization of Mocha Island.

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通过有机残留物分析揭示岛屿经济:莫查岛(智利南部)案例
生物物理条件在早期人类殖民岛屿领土的过程中发挥了根本性的作用,特别是在粮食生产社会中,他们要应对有限的资源和维持可持续承载能力的挑战。因此,对人类过去在海洋小岛上殖民的研究,有助于深入了解早期粮食生产群体的经济可塑性、生态影响和适应性。在智利南部海岸,有早期证据表明,在公元前 950 年,沿海居民在岛屿上殖民,其大陆生存系统以开发海洋资源、采集、管理和种植植物以及狩猎陆地动物为基础。令人震惊的是,这些混合经济在多大程度上促进了岛屿殖民化的努力,在很大程度上是未知的。在这里,我们利用对陶瓷器物的有机残留物分析来揭示智利南部摩卡岛居民的生存状况。我们从 51 件与 El Vergel 文化复合体相关的陶器碎片中提取并分析了脂质。对提取物进行的化学和稳定同位素分析确定了一系列食品,包括 C3 和 C4 植物以及海洋生物。研究结果揭示了混合生计系统在推动摩卡岛殖民化过程中的核心作用。
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CiteScore
2.00
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75
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