Identification and characterization of four novel xiaomi alleles to facilitate foxtail millet as a C4 model plant

IF 3.5 3区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Plant Growth Regulation Pub Date : 2024-03-13 DOI:10.1007/s10725-024-01134-0
Meng Shan, Mengmeng Duan, Huimin Shen, Yujing Wang, Yiru Zhang, Xukai Li, Yuanhuai Han, Zhirong Yang, Kai Zhao, Xingchun Wang
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Abstract

A diverse genetic background is essential for genetic analysis and functional genomics research in model plants. In this study, four novel xiaomi-like mutants in different genetic backgrounds, named xiaomi3, xiaomi4, xiaomi5, and xiaomi6, were identified and characterized. These mutants exhibited an extremely early heading phenotype, with heading occurring around 30–40 days after sowing under natural long-day conditions. Significant reductions in plant height, leaf length, leaf width, panicle length, and panicle diameter were observed in the mutants compared to their corresponding wild-types. Notably, these mutants displayed diverse panicle architectures and hull colors, effectively preventing seed mixing between them. Subsequent investigation under controlled short-day and long-day conditions confirmed the significant early heading phenotype of these mutants. Molecular characterization revealed that mutations in the Phytochrome C (SiPHYC) gene, including transposon insertions and a frame shift mutation, were responsible for the extremely early heading phenotype. RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) analysis identified 19 differentially expressed genes associated with this phenotype. Additionally, genome-wide InDels and SNPs were identified, providing valuable resources for marker-assisted breeding and genetic studies. These findings will contribute to our understanding of the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying SiPHYC-mediated photoperiod flowering, and provide valuable resources that will push xiaomi as a C4 model plant.

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鉴定和表征四种新型小米等位基因,促进狐尾粟成为 C4 模式植物
多样化的遗传背景对于模式植物的遗传分析和功能基因组学研究至关重要。本研究鉴定并表征了四种不同遗传背景的新型xiaomi-like突变体,分别命名为xiaomi3、xiaomi4、xiaomi5和xiaomi6。这些突变体表现出极早熟表型,在自然长日照条件下,大约在播种后30-40天出现头状花序。与相应的野生型相比,这些突变体的株高、叶长、叶宽、圆锥花序长度和圆锥花序直径均显著降低。值得注意的是,这些突变体显示出不同的圆锥花序结构和花壳颜色,有效地防止了它们之间的混种。随后在受控的短日照和长日照条件下进行的调查证实了这些突变体显著的早茎表型。分子鉴定结果表明,植物色素 C(SiPHYC)基因的突变,包括转座子插入和帧转移突变,是造成极早穗表型的原因。RNA 序列(RNA-Seq)分析确定了 19 个与该表型相关的差异表达基因。此外,还发现了全基因组 InDels 和 SNPs,为标记辅助育种和遗传研究提供了宝贵的资源。这些发现将有助于我们理解 SiPHYC 介导的光周期开花的遗传和分子机制,并提供宝贵的资源,推动小麦成为 C4 模式植物。
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来源期刊
Plant Growth Regulation
Plant Growth Regulation 生物-植物科学
CiteScore
6.90
自引率
9.50%
发文量
139
审稿时长
4.5 months
期刊介绍: Plant Growth Regulation is an international journal publishing original articles on all aspects of plant growth and development. We welcome manuscripts reporting question-based research using hormonal, physiological, environmental, genetical, biophysical, developmental or molecular approaches to the study of plant growth regulation. Emphasis is placed on papers presenting the results of original research. Occasional reviews on important topics will also be welcome. All contributions must be in English.
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