Isomerization pathway of a C–C sigma bond in a bis(octaazamacrocycle)dinickel(II) complex activated by deprotonation: a DFT study

Abstract

The anti (a) to syn (s) isomerization pathway of the deprotonated form of the dimer with two nickel(II) 15-membered octaazamacrocyclic units connected via a carbon–carbon (C–C) σ bond was investigated. For the initial anti (a) structure, a deprotonation of one of the bridging (sp³ hybridized) carbon atoms is suggested to allow for an a to s geometry twist. A 360° scan around the bridging C–C dihedral angle was performed first to find an intermediate geometry. Subsequently, the isomerization pathway was explored via individual steps using a series of mode redundant geometry optimizations (internal coordinates potential energy surface scans) and geometry relaxations leading to the s structure. The prominent geometries (intermediates) of the isomerization pathway are chosen and compared to the a and s structures, and geometry relaxations of the protonated forms of selected intermediates are considered.