{"title":"From sequence to consequence: Deciphering the complex cis-regulatory landscape","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s12038-024-00431-0","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> <p>Cell type-specific expression of genes plays a pivotal role in the development and evolution of multicellular organisms over millions of years. The majority of regulatory control resides within the non-coding regions of the genome, referred to as ‘dark matter’, which contains <em>cis</em>-regulatory modules. These <em>cis</em>-regulatory modules function collectively and can impact gene expression even when located far from the target gene, exhibiting context-specific behaviour. Consequently, the <em>cis</em>-regulatory code governing gene expression patterns is intricate, in contrast to the universally understood genetic code. This overview centres on the current knowledge regarding <em>cis</em>-regulatory elements, primarily enhancers and their role in governing the spatiotemporal gene expression patterns, and how they have evolved and adapted across different species.</p>","PeriodicalId":15171,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Biosciences","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12038-024-00431-0","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Cell type-specific expression of genes plays a pivotal role in the development and evolution of multicellular organisms over millions of years. The majority of regulatory control resides within the non-coding regions of the genome, referred to as ‘dark matter’, which contains cis-regulatory modules. These cis-regulatory modules function collectively and can impact gene expression even when located far from the target gene, exhibiting context-specific behaviour. Consequently, the cis-regulatory code governing gene expression patterns is intricate, in contrast to the universally understood genetic code. This overview centres on the current knowledge regarding cis-regulatory elements, primarily enhancers and their role in governing the spatiotemporal gene expression patterns, and how they have evolved and adapted across different species.
期刊介绍：
The Journal of Biosciences is a quarterly journal published by the Indian Academy of Sciences, Bangalore. It covers all areas of Biology and is the premier journal in the country within its scope. It is indexed in Current Contents and other standard Biological and Medical databases. The Journal of Biosciences began in 1934 as the Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences (Section B). This continued until 1978 when it was split into three parts : Proceedings-Animal Sciences, Proceedings-Plant Sciences and Proceedings-Experimental Biology. Proceedings-Experimental Biology was renamed Journal of Biosciences in 1979; and in 1991, Proceedings-Animal Sciences and Proceedings-Plant Sciences merged with it.
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