Soil and Plant Cover and Microbial–Biomorphic Assessment of Ecosystems in Coastal Depressions of Highly Mineralized Drainless Pulsating Lakes of Dauria (Southeastern Transbaikalia)

IF 0.7 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q4 ECOLOGY Contemporary Problems of Ecology Pub Date : 2024-03-14 DOI:10.1134/s1995425524010153
V. I. Ubugunova, L. L. Ubugunov, A. S. Syrenzhapova, E. Yu. Abidueva, T. A. Ayushina, A. D. Zhambalova, T. E. Tkachuk
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Abstract

The soils, vegetation cover, and microbiota of coastal depressions of highly mineralized drainless chloride lakes in southeastern Transbaikalia (Dauria and Lake Bab’e) have been comprehensively studied for the first time. It is revealed that the lakeside ecosystems of the steppe zone are formed under cyclic changes in the level of lakes and the resulting change in the lake water chemical composition. The aeolian factor exerts a certain influence. The dynamic properties and substance composition of soils of superaqual–subaqual, superaqual, and eluvial–superaqual positions have been studied. The current continental salinization of various chemical composition and hydrogenous carbonization has been revealed there. A study of the spatial pattern of phytocenoses and their species composition, depending on location in the relief of lakeside depressions, soil conditions, and halogenesis, shows the allocation of pioneer hyperhalophytic and halophytic communities to quasigley solonchaks. Within the superaquatic part of the lakeside depression, plant communities are predominated by halophytes and mesophytes with the participation of glyco-oligohalophytes and mesoxerophytes. The feather-grass–forb–leymus (Leymus chinensis, Artemisia frifida, Bupleurum bicaule, and Stipa krylovii) steppe with the participation of mesophytes and xerophytes is formed on light-humus soils, similar in composition to zonal steppes. It has been revealed that various microbiomorphic complexes are formed in dynamically evolving lakeside soils, depending on abiotic factors. Highly mineralized chloride lake waters contribute to the formation of similar microbial communities in the bottom sediments of Lake Bab’e and in highly saline horizons of the quasigley solonchak. A large proportion of unidentified prokaryotes has been found in all soil samples. This important unstudied microbial component is present at the level of the Bacteria domain in solonchaks (to 22%), saline humus-quasigley soils (to 15%), and light-humus saline soils (to 16%). The microbiome structure in humus–quasigley soil is characterized by the presence of halobacteria and crenarchaeotes. A significant proportion of taxa involved in carbon and nitrogen cycles and playing an important role in global biogeochemical cycles has been revealed in light-humus saline soil. Halobacteria are not revealed in this type of soil due to the insignificant content of easily soluble salts in the humus and transitional horizons.

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达乌里亚(外贝加尔地区东南部)高矿化度无排水脉动湖沿海洼地生态系统的土壤和植物覆盖率及微生物生物形态评估
摘要 首次全面研究了外贝加尔地区东南部高矿化度无排水氯化物湖泊(达乌里亚和巴布埃湖)沿岸洼地的土壤、植被和微生物区系。研究表明,草原区的湖滨生态系统是在湖泊水位周期性变化以及由此导致的湖水化学成分变化的情况下形成的。风化因素产生了一定的影响。研究了上等-浅等土壤、上等土壤和冲积-上等土壤的动态特性和物质组成。揭示了当前大陆盐碱化的各种化学成分和氢碳化现象。根据湖边洼地的地形、土壤条件和卤化作用,对植物群落的空间模式及其物种组成进行了研究,结果表明,先驱高卤植物群落和卤植物群落被分配到了类洼地。在湖滨洼地的超水生部分,植物群落以卤叶植物和中生植物为主,并有糖寡卤叶植物和中生植物参与。在轻质腐殖质土壤上形成了羽状草-禾本科-稃草(Leymus chinensis、飞蒿、羽扇豆和 Stipa krylovii)草原,中生植物和旱生植物参与其中,其组成与地带性草原相似。研究发现,在动态演化的湖边土壤中形成了各种微生物复合体,这取决于非生物因素。高矿化度的氯化物湖水促进了类似微生物群落在巴布埃湖湖底沉积物和夸西格利索隆恰克高盐度地层中的形成。在所有土壤样本中都发现了很大比例的不明原核生物。在索隆恰克(22%)、盐碱腐殖质--夸西格利土壤(15%)和轻腐殖质盐碱土壤(16%)中,这一重要的、未研究过的微生物成分出现在细菌域水平上。腐殖质-钾盐土壤中微生物群结构的特点是存在卤化细菌和纤毛菌。在轻腐殖质盐碱土中发现了很大一部分参与碳和氮循环的类群,它们在全球生物地球化学循环中发挥着重要作用。由于腐殖质和过渡地层中的易溶盐含量极低,这类土壤中没有发现卤细菌。
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来源期刊
Contemporary Problems of Ecology
Contemporary Problems of Ecology 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
1.40
自引率
12.50%
发文量
54
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Contemporary Problems of Ecology is a multidisciplinary periodical that publishes original works on the following subjects: theoretical and methodical issues of ecology, regional aspects of ecology, regional ecological disasters, structure and functioning of ecosystems, anthropogenic transformation of ecosystems. All basic aspects of modern ecology, including the most complicated interactions between living organisms and their environment, are presented. Some of the journal issues are dedicated to global changes in biological diversity at various levels of organization (populations, species, ecosystems) principles and methods of nature conservation.
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