Clams on stilts: a phytoplankton bioassay investigating effects of wastewater effluent amendments and Corbicula fluminea grazing

IF 1.3 4区生物学 Q3 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY Aquatic Biology Pub Date : 2024-03-14 DOI:10.3354/ab00764

Timothy D. Mussen, Gry Mine Berg, Sara Driscoll, Justin D. Nordin, Lisa C. Thompson

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Abstract

ABSTRACT: Shallow-water habitats are being restored in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta with the goal of enhancing phytoplankton production and food availability for higher trophic levels. However, elevated grazing pressure from the non-native freshwater clam Corbicula fluminea and localized depletions of dissolved inorganic nitrogen may limit phytoplankton biomass accumulation in restored habitats. To evaluate interactions between nutrients and grazing on phytoplankton productivity and biomass accumulation, Sacramento River water high or low in phytoplankton biomass was amended with wastewater effluent, presence of C. fluminea, or both, in 48 h in situ incubations. We measured changes in chl a concentration, phytoplankton community composition, and photosynthetic efficiency as well as carbon and nitrogen uptake rates as indicators of phytoplankton responses. Diatoms dominated phytoplankton communities before and after incubation. Chl a concentrations increased 0.7 and 7.4 times in the high and low phytoplankton biomass controls, respectively, and 4.5 and 14 times in the high and low phytoplankton biomass effluent-added treatments, respectively. In the clam treatments, chl a accumulation was suppressed to near zero regardless of effluent additions or initial phytoplankton biomass. In treatments with clams and effluent combined, phytoplankton photosynthetic efficiency was nearly 50% lower than in the effluent-only treatments, suggesting phytoplankton were stressed in the presence of clams. This experiment demonstrated that the presence of clams can prevent the accumulation of phytoplankton biomass, both directly by clam filtering and indirectly by depressing phytoplankton photosynthetic efficiency and rate of growth. We recommend that future wetland restoration projects promoting increased phytoplankton biomass assess clam settlement likelihood as well as nutrient availability.

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高跷上的蛤：浮游植物生物测定，研究废水污水添加剂和食草蚬的影响

ABSTRACT: 萨克拉门托-圣华金河三角洲正在恢复浅水生境，目的是提高浮游植物产量，为更高营养级提供食物。然而，非本地淡水蛤蜊（Corbicula fluminea）高强度的食草压力和局部地区溶解无机氮的消耗可能会限制恢复生境中浮游植物生物量的积累。为了评估营养物质和放牧对浮游植物生产力和生物量积累的相互作用，我们在萨克拉门托河浮游植物生物量较高或较低的河水中添加了废水、C. fluminea 或两者，并进行了 48 小时的原位培养。我们测量了 chl a 浓度、浮游植物群落组成、光合效率以及碳和氮吸收率的变化，以此作为浮游植物反应的指标。培养前后，硅藻在浮游植物群落中占主导地位。在高浮游植物生物量对照组和低浮游植物生物量对照组中，Chl a 浓度分别增加了 0.7 倍和 7.4 倍；在高浮游植物生物量处理组和低浮游植物生物量处理组中，Chl a 浓度分别增加了 4.5 倍和 14 倍。在蛤处理中，无论污水添加量或初始浮游植物生物量如何，chl a 的积累都被抑制到接近于零。在有蛤蜊和污水的处理中，浮游植物的光合效率比仅有污水的处理低近 50%，这表明浮游植物在有蛤蜊的情况下受到了压力。该实验表明，蛤类的存在可以防止浮游植物生物量的积累，既可以通过蛤类的直接过滤作用，也可以通过抑制浮游植物的光合效率和生长速度来间接防止浮游植物生物量的积累。我们建议，未来促进浮游植物生物量增加的湿地恢复项目应评估蛤类定居的可能性以及营养物质的可用性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Aquatic Biology 生物-海洋与淡水生物学

CiteScore

2.70

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： AB publishes rigorously refereed and carefully selected Feature Articles, Research Articles, Reviews and Notes, as well as Comments/Reply Comments (for details see MEPS 228:1), Theme Sections, Opinion Pieces (previously called ''As I See It'') (for details consult the Guidelines for Authors) concerned with the biology, physiology, biochemistry and genetics (including the ’omics‘) of all aquatic organisms under laboratory and field conditions, and at all levels of organisation and investigation. Areas covered include: -Biological aspects of biota: Evolution and speciation; life histories; biodiversity, biogeography and phylogeography; population genetics; biological connectedness between marine and freshwater biota; paleobiology of aquatic environments; invasive species. -Biochemical and physiological aspects of aquatic life; synthesis and conversion of organic matter (mechanisms of auto- and heterotrophy, digestion, respiration, nutrition); thermo-, ion, osmo- and volume-regulation; stress and stress resistance; metabolism and energy budgets; non-genetic and genetic adaptation. -Species interactions: Environment–organism and organism–organism interrelationships; predation: defenses (physical and chemical); symbioses. -Molecular biology of aquatic life. -Behavior: Orientation in space and time; migrations; feeding and reproductive behavior; agonistic behavior. -Toxicology and water-quality effects on organisms; anthropogenic impacts on aquatic biota (e.g. pollution, fisheries); stream regulation and restoration. -Theoretical biology: mathematical modelling of biological processes and species interactions. -Methodology and equipment employed in aquatic biological research; underwater exploration and experimentation. -Exploitation of aquatic biota: Fisheries; cultivation of aquatic organisms: use, management, protection and conservation of living aquatic resources. -Reproduction and development in marine, brackish and freshwater organisms