Analysis of the heat transfer enhancement in water-based micropolar hybrid nanofluid flow over a vertical flat surface

Abstract

This article presented micropolar hybrid nanofluid flow comprising copper and alumina nanoparticles over a flat sheet. The mixed convection phenomenon is studied under the effect of gravity. Some additional forces such as magnetic field, thermal radiation, Eckert number, heat source, and thermal slip condition are adopted in this analysis. The leading equations are transformed into dimensionless format by employing appropriate variables and then evaluated by homotopy analysis method (HAM). The obtained results are compared with published results and found a good agreement with those published results. Also, the results of HAM are compared with those of numerical method and found a good agreement as well. The fluctuations within the flow profiles are showcased utilizing figures and tables, followed by an in-depth discussion and analysis. The outcomes of this work show that the higher volume fractions of copper and alumina nanoparticles improved the hybrid nanofluid viscosity, which results in the augmenting variation in the velocity profiles. The higher volume fractions of copper and alumina nanoparticles improved the hybrid nanofluid thermal conductivity, which results in the augmenting variation in thermal distribution. The growing mixed convection factor amplifies the buoyancy force toward the stagnation point flow, which enlarges the velocity panel. The effects of hybrid nanoparticles (Cu-Al2O3/water) at the surface are smaller on friction force and larger in case of thermal flow rate when compared to the nanofluids (Cu/water and Al2O3/water).