No safe haven: Loss of avirulence in the plant pathogen Leptosphaeria maculans by DNA duplication and repeat‐induced point mutation

IF 2.3 3区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY Plant Pathology Pub Date : 2024-03-16 DOI:10.1111/ppa.13889
Alexander Idnurm, Alec J. McCallum, Angela P. Van de Wouw
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Abstract

Microbes can overcome the ability of plant resistance genes to confer protection against disease by mutating their corresponding avirulence genes. The fungus Leptosphaeria maculans causes blackleg disease on canola crops and subverts Brassica napus resistance genes through several DNA mutation mechanisms. One of these is repeat‐induced point (RIP) mutation, which can ‘leak’ into the avirulence genes from the adjacent repetitive sequences that the mutation process is targeting. Here, we identified populations of L. maculans in Australia that have extensive RIP mutations in the avirulence gene AvrLm2 and show that this has been triggered by a duplication of the gene and surrounding DNA that includes the distant (>55 kb in total) AvrLm6 gene. This finding provides another mechanism of mutation by which pathogens can overcome host resistance, and more broadly contributes to understanding the complex balance between gene duplication and genome defence.

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没有避风港通过 DNA 复制和重复诱导点突变使植物病原体 Leptosphaeria maculans 丧失无毒性
微生物可以通过突变相应的无毒基因来克服植物抗病基因的防病能力。Leptosphaeria maculans 真菌会引起油菜作物黑胫病,并通过几种 DNA 变异机制破坏甘蓝型油菜的抗性基因。其中之一是重复诱导点突变(RIP),它可以从突变过程所针对的邻近重复序列 "泄漏 "到抗病基因中。在这里,我们发现澳大利亚的L. maculans种群的无毒基因AvrLm2中存在广泛的RIP突变,并表明这是由该基因及其周围DNA的重复引发的,其中包括遥远的(总计55 kb)AvrLm6基因。这一发现提供了病原体克服宿主抗性的另一种突变机制,更广泛地有助于理解基因复制与基因组防御之间的复杂平衡。
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来源期刊
Plant Pathology
Plant Pathology 生物-农艺学
CiteScore
5.60
自引率
7.40%
发文量
147
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: This international journal, owned and edited by the British Society for Plant Pathology, covers all aspects of plant pathology and reaches subscribers in 80 countries. Top quality original research papers and critical reviews from around the world cover: diseases of temperate and tropical plants caused by fungi, bacteria, viruses, phytoplasmas and nematodes; physiological, biochemical, molecular, ecological, genetic and economic aspects of plant pathology; disease epidemiology and modelling; disease appraisal and crop loss assessment; and plant disease control and disease-related crop management.
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