Associations of pyrethroid exposure with bone mineral density and osteopenia in adults

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism Pub Date : 2024-03-18 DOI:10.1007/s00774-024-01499-2

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Abstract

Introduction

This study was to investigate the correlations between pyrethroid exposure and bone mineral density (BMD) and osteopenia.

Materials and methods

This cross-sectional study included 1389 participants over 50 years of age drawn from the 2007–2010 and 2013–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Three pyrethroid metabolites, 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA), trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethyl-cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (trans-DCCA), and 4-fluoro-3-phenoxybenzoic acid (4-F-3PBA) were used as indicators of pyrethroid exposure. Low BMD was defined as T-score < − 1.0, including osteopenia. Weighted multivariable linear regression analysis or logistic regression analysis was utilized to evaluate the correlation between pyrethroid exposure and BMD and low BMD. Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) model was utilized to analyze the correlation between pyrethroids mixed exposure and low BMD.

Results

There were 648 (48.41%) patients with low BMD. In individual pyrethroid metabolite analysis, both tertile 2 and tertile 3 of trans-DCCA were negatively related to total femur, femur neck, and total spine BMD [coefficient (β) = − 0.041 to − 0.028; all P < 0.05]. Both tertile 2 and tertile 3 of 4-F-3PBA were negatively related to total femur BMD (P < 0.05). Only tertile 2 [odds ratio (OR) = 1.63; 95% CI = 1.07, 2.48] and tertile 3 (OR = 1.65; 95% CI = 1.10, 2.50) of trans-DCCA was correlated with an increased risk of low BMD. The BKMR analysis indicated that there was a positive tendency between mixed pyrethroids exposure and low BMD.

Conclusion

In conclusion, pyrethroids exposure was negatively correlated with BMD levels, and the associations of pyrethroids with BMD and low BMD varied by specific pyrethroids, pyrethroid concentrations, and bone sites.

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拟除虫菊酯暴露与成人骨矿物质密度和骨质疏松症的关系

摘要引言本研究旨在探讨拟除虫菊酯暴露与骨矿物质密度（BMD）和骨质疏松症之间的相关性。材料与方法这项横断面研究纳入了 1389 名 50 岁以上的参与者，他们来自 2007-2010 年和 2013-2014 年的美国国家健康与营养调查（NHANES）。3-苯氧基苯甲酸（3-PBA）、反式-3-(2,2-二氯乙烯基)-2,2-二甲基环丙烷-1-羧酸（反式-DCCA）和4-氟-3-苯氧基苯甲酸（4-F-3PBA）这三种拟除虫菊酯代谢物被用作拟除虫菊酯暴露的指标。低 BMD 定义为 T 评分 < - 1.0，包括骨质疏松症。利用加权多变量线性回归分析或逻辑回归分析来评估拟除虫菊酯暴露与 BMD 和低 BMD 之间的相关性。贝叶斯核机器回归（BKMR）模型用于分析拟除虫菊酯混合暴露与低 BMD 之间的相关性。结果有 648 例（48.41%）患者存在低 BMD。在单个拟除虫菊酯代谢物分析中，反式-DCCA 的第 2 和第 3 分位数与总股骨、股骨颈和总脊柱 BMD 均呈负相关[系数 (β) = - 0.041 至 - 0.028；所有 P < 0.05]。4-F-3PBA的2分层和3分层均与股骨总BMD呈负相关（P <0.05）。只有反式-DCCA 的第 2 等分层[比值比 (OR) = 1.63; 95% CI = 1.07, 2.48]和第 3 等分层（OR = 1.65; 95% CI = 1.10, 2.50）与低 BMD 风险增加相关。BKMR 分析表明，混合除虫菊酯暴露与低 BMD 之间存在正相关趋势。结论总之，除虫菊酯暴露与 BMD 水平呈负相关，除虫菊酯与 BMD 和低 BMD 的关系因特定除虫菊酯、除虫菊酯浓度和骨骼部位而异。

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来源期刊

Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism 医学-内分泌学与代谢

CiteScore

6.30

自引率

3.00%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： The Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism (JBMM) provides an international forum for researchers and clinicians to present and discuss topics relevant to bone, teeth, and mineral metabolism, as well as joint and musculoskeletal disorders. The journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts from any country. Membership in the society is not a prerequisite for submission. Acceptance is based on the originality, significance, and validity of the material presented. The journal is aimed at researchers and clinicians dedicated to improvements in research, development, and patient-care in the fields of bone and mineral metabolism.