Impact of a university teaching of integrative medicine on the social representations of undergraduate medical students

Abstract

Integrative medicine, need to be inoffensive, effective, and of quality (World Health Organization). In 2010, the American Society of Teachers of Family Medicine approved 19 competencies for teaching integrative medicine to residents. In 2018, the University of Rennes created a course: “Integrative Medicine and Complementary Therapies”. Up until then, the only feedback from the courses was the students’ opinions. We investigated the impact on medical students’ social representation.

We performed a sociological analysis of students’ social representations before and after the course. The social representation is based on the way an individual creates his or her universe of beliefs and ideas. After hearing, “What word or group of words comes to mind when you hear people speak of integrative medicine and complementary therapies?”, students were asked to provide 5 words/phrases, rank their importance, and show their attitude towards these words/phrases. The frequency and importance of these words/phrases were used to construct social representations (with central cores, and primary and secondary peripheries) before and after the course.

Among the 101 students registered, 59 provided complete responses before and 63 after the course. Before, the central core comprised “hypnosis” and “alternative medicine”, while after: “complementary care” and “global care”. We only identified first periphery before the course: “acupuncture” and “homeopathy”. 4 new contrasting elements: “integration with conventional treatment”, “patient’s choice”, “personalisation of care”, and “caring relationship of trust”.

This teaching course positively affected students’ social representation of integrative medicine, and might promote their use during future practices.