Jeromine Vigneau, Claudia Martinho, Olivier Godfroy, Min Zheng, Fabian B Haas, Michael Borg, Susana M Coelho
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
In many animals and flowering plants, sex determination occurs in the diploid phase of the life cycle with XX/XY or ZW/ZZ sex chromosomes. However, in early diverging plants and most macroalgae, sex is determined by female (U) or male (V) sex chromosomes in a haploid phase called the gametophyte. Once the U and V chromosomes unite at fertilization to produce a diploid sporophyte, sex determination no longer occurs, raising key questions about the fate of the U and V sex chromosomes in the sporophyte phase. Here, we investigate genetic and molecular interactions of the UV sex chromosomes in both the haploid and diploid phases of the brown alga Ectocarpus. We reveal extensive developmental regulation of sex chromosome genes across its life cycle and implicate the TALE-HD transcription factor OUROBOROS in suppressing sex determination in the diploid phase. Small RNAs may also play a role in the repression of a female sex-linked gene, and transition to the diploid sporophyte coincides with major reconfiguration of histone H3K79me2, suggesting a more intricate role for this histone mark in Ectocarpus development than previously appreciated.
在许多动物和开花植物中，性别是在生命周期的二倍体阶段由 XX/XY 或 ZW/ZZ 性染色体决定的。然而，在早期分化植物和大多数大型藻类中，性别是由单倍体阶段（配子体）中的雌性（U）或雄性（V）性染色体决定的。一旦受精时 U 和 V 染色体结合产生二倍体孢子体，性别决定就不再发生，这就提出了有关孢子体阶段 U 和 V 性染色体命运的关键问题。在这里，我们研究了褐藻外果藻单倍体和二倍体阶段 UV 性染色体的遗传和分子相互作用。我们揭示了性染色体基因在其整个生命周期中的广泛发育调控，并发现 TALE-HD 转录因子 OUROBOROS 与抑制二倍体阶段的性别决定有关。在向二倍体孢子体过渡的同时，组蛋白H3K79me2也发生了重大重组，这表明组蛋白标记在外果皮藻发育过程中的作用比以往认识到的更为复杂。
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