Host population crashes disrupt the diversity of associated marine microbiomes

IF 4.3 2区 生物学 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY Environmental microbiology Pub Date : 2024-03-22 DOI:10.1111/1462-2920.16611
William S. Pearman, Sergio E. Morales, Felix Vaux, Neil J. Gemmell, Ceridwen I. Fraser
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Abstract

Host-associated microbial communities are shaped by myriad factors ranging from host conditions, environmental conditions and other microbes. Disentangling the ecological impact of each of these factors can be particularly difficult as many variables are correlated. Here, we leveraged earthquake-induced changes in host population structure to assess the influence of population crashes on marine microbial ecosystems. A large (7.8 magnitude) earthquake in New Zealand in 2016 led to widespread coastal uplift of up to ~6 m, sufficient to locally extirpate some intertidal southern bull kelp populations. These uplifted populations are slowly recovering, but remain at much lower densities than at nearby, less-uplifted sites. By comparing the microbial communities of the hosts from disturbed and relatively undisturbed populations using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, we observed that disturbed host populations supported higher functional, taxonomic and phylogenetic microbial beta diversity than non-disturbed host populations. Our findings shed light on microbiome ecological assembly processes, particularly highlighting that large-scale disturbances that affect host populations can dramatically influence microbiome structure. We suggest that disturbance-induced changes in host density limit the dispersal opportunities of microbes, with host community connectivity declining with the density of host populations.

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宿主群体崩溃破坏了相关海洋微生物群的多样性
与宿主相关的微生物群落受宿主条件、环境条件和其他微生物等多种因素的影响。由于许多变量是相互关联的,因此要厘清这些因素对生态的影响尤为困难。在这里,我们利用地震引起的宿主种群结构变化来评估种群崩溃对海洋微生物生态系统的影响。2016 年,新西兰发生了一次大地震(7.8 级),导致海岸大范围隆起,隆起高度达~6 米,足以使潮间带南部的一些公牛海带种群局部灭绝。这些隆起的种群正在缓慢恢复,但密度仍然比附近隆起较小的地点低得多。通过使用 16S rRNA 基因扩增子测序比较受干扰和相对未受干扰种群宿主的微生物群落,我们观察到受干扰的宿主种群比未受干扰的宿主种群支持更高的功能、分类和系统发育微生物 beta 多样性。我们的发现揭示了微生物组的生态组装过程,特别强调了影响宿主种群的大规模干扰会极大地影响微生物组结构。我们认为,干扰引起的宿主密度变化限制了微生物的扩散机会,宿主群落的连通性随着宿主种群密度的增加而下降。
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来源期刊
Environmental microbiology
Environmental microbiology 环境科学-微生物学
CiteScore
9.90
自引率
3.90%
发文量
427
审稿时长
2.3 months
期刊介绍: Environmental Microbiology provides a high profile vehicle for publication of the most innovative, original and rigorous research in the field. The scope of the Journal encompasses the diversity of current research on microbial processes in the environment, microbial communities, interactions and evolution and includes, but is not limited to, the following: the structure, activities and communal behaviour of microbial communities microbial community genetics and evolutionary processes microbial symbioses, microbial interactions and interactions with plants, animals and abiotic factors microbes in the tree of life, microbial diversification and evolution population biology and clonal structure microbial metabolic and structural diversity microbial physiology, growth and survival microbes and surfaces, adhesion and biofouling responses to environmental signals and stress factors modelling and theory development pollution microbiology extremophiles and life in extreme and unusual little-explored habitats element cycles and biogeochemical processes, primary and secondary production microbes in a changing world, microbially-influenced global changes evolution and diversity of archaeal and bacterial viruses new technological developments in microbial ecology and evolution, in particular for the study of activities of microbial communities, non-culturable microorganisms and emerging pathogens
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