Coping Mechanisms and Posttraumatic Stress Exhibited by Children in Areas of Yemen’s Armed Conflict in Southern Saudi Arabia

IF 1.7 Q2 FAMILY STUDIES Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma Pub Date : 2024-03-22 DOI:10.1007/s40653-024-00630-9
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Abstract

This study is an attempt to explore war-related trauma, its stressful effects, and the coping strategies of Saudi schoolchildren. The authors hypothesized that children exposed to war-related trauma will show higher levels of PTSD, and that those with higher levels of PTSD symptoms use more maladaptive coping strategies. The study describes the correlation between traumatic events and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as well as coping strategies. Five hundred twenty-seven intermediate and high school students, 12 to 18 years old, living in the conflict zone in southern Saudi Arabia completed three standardized self-reported scales: the War Zone Traumatic Events Checklist, the Child PTSD Symptom Scale, and the Children’s Coping Strategies Checklist. Each participating student was randomly chosen. Analysis was based on two groups: the high-PTSD symptoms group (182 children) and the low-PTSD symptoms group (345 children). The study was conducted between September 2020 and April 2022 while the war was ongoing as part of an ongoing larger study. Children exposed to war-related traumatic events exhibited greater prevalence rates for PTSD. The children reported high levels of PTSD symptoms and applied a variety of coping strategies to manage related stress. Participants rarely reported that psychological or educational interventions had been used to manage the war-related traumatic experiences and PTSD or to improve related coping styles. The results are discussed in the context of mental health services needed for children in the conflict zone. To bridge the gap between health care services and the needs of children with PTSD, and for better understanding and interventions, health professionals are invited to develop a biopsychosocial model that identifies the risks of PTSD related to exposure to war-related traumatic events in school-aged children and, hence, provide a multidisciplinary intervention program that educates, encourages, and supports teachers and parents in following medical recommendations and goals.

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沙特阿拉伯南部也门武装冲突地区儿童的应对机制和创伤后应激反应
摘要 本研究试图探讨与战争有关的创伤、其压力效应以及沙特学童的应对策略。作者假设,受到与战争有关的创伤的儿童会表现出较高程度的创伤后应激障碍,而创伤后应激障碍症状较重的儿童会使用更多的不适应应对策略。该研究描述了创伤事件与创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)以及应对策略之间的相关性。居住在沙特阿拉伯南部冲突地区的 527 名 12 至 18 岁的初中和高中学生完成了三个标准化的自我报告量表:战区创伤事件核对表、儿童创伤后应激障碍症状量表和儿童应对策略核对表。每个参与学生都是随机抽取的。分析以两组为基础:高创伤后应激障碍症状组(182 名儿童)和低创伤后应激障碍症状组(345 名儿童)。该研究于 2020 年 9 月至 2022 年 4 月期间进行,当时战争仍在继续,这是一项正在进行的大型研究的一部分。受到战争相关创伤事件影响的儿童表现出更高的创伤后应激障碍患病率。这些儿童报告了大量创伤后应激障碍症状,并采用各种应对策略来管理相关压力。参与者很少报告曾使用心理或教育干预措施来控制与战争有关的创伤经历和创伤后应激障碍,或改善相关的应对方式。研究结果结合冲突地区儿童所需的心理健康服务进行了讨论。为了弥补医疗保健服务与创伤后应激障碍儿童需求之间的差距,并更好地理解和干预创伤后应激障碍,我们邀请医疗保健专业人员开发一个生物-心理-社会模型,以确定学龄儿童因暴露于与战争相关的创伤事件而患创伤后应激障碍的风险,从而提供多学科干预计划,教育、鼓励并支持教师和家长遵循医疗建议和目标。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.00
自引率
6.70%
发文量
71
期刊介绍: Underpinned by a biopsychosocial approach, the Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma presents original research and prevention and treatment strategies for understanding and dealing with symptoms and disorders related to the psychological effects of trauma experienced by children and adolescents during childhood and where the impact of these experiences continues into adulthood. The journal also examines intervention models directed toward the individual, family, and community, new theoretical models and approaches, and public policy proposals and innovations. In addition, the journal promotes rigorous investigation and debate on the human capacity for agency, resilience and longer-term healing in the face of child and adolescent trauma. With a multidisciplinary approach that draws input from the psychological, medical, social work, sociological, public health, legal and education fields, the journal features research, intervention approaches and evidence-based programs, theoretical articles, specific review articles, brief reports and case studies, and commentaries on current and/or controversial topics. The journal also encourages submissions from less heard voices, for example in terms of geography, minority status or service user perspectives. Among the topics examined in the Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma: The effects of childhood maltreatment Loss, natural disasters, and political conflict Exposure to or victimization from family or community violence Racial, ethnic, gender, sexual orientation or class discrimination Physical injury, diseases, and painful or debilitating medical treatments The impact of poverty, social deprivation and inequality Barriers and facilitators on pathways to recovery The Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma is an important resource for practitioners, policymakers, researchers, and academics whose work is centered on children exposed to traumatic events and adults exposed to traumatic events as children.
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