The new biomarker that predicts in-hospital mortality in myocardial infarction: glucose/potassium ratio

Abstract

Aims: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains one of the leading causes of cardiovascular mortality. However, the parameters used to predict short-term mortality are limited. Glucose-potassium ratio (GPR) is a new biomarker that has been recently used. This study aimed to investigate the usefulness of GPR in predicting short-term mortality in patients diagnosed with AMI in the emergency department. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted between January 1, 2022, and June 30, 2022, and included patients registered in the hospital emergency health system with IRB (Institutional Review Board) approval. Patients were identified based on inclusion criteria, and their demographic data, laboratory findings, and outcomes were recorded in the hospital registration system. Data comparisons between deceased and non-deceased patients were performed using the Student's t-test. Correlation analysis was performed using Spearman's correlation coefficients. A binary logistic regression model was created to determine the predictive parameters, and odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were presented. Results: A total of 665 patients diagnosed with AMI were included in the study, with 75.9% of all patients being male and an average age of 62.14±11.62. A total of 6.6% of the patients included in the study died due to various causes during hospitalization. When laboratory values of deceased AMI patients were examined, statistically significant increases in glucose, urea, creatinine, WBC, neutrophil, lymphocyte, troponin, ckmb, and lactate levels were observed. The effects of GPR, NLR, PLR, lactate, and troponin levels on in-hospital mortality were analyzed using univariate logistic regression. GPR (95% CI 1.015-1.036, p=0.000), troponin (95% CI 1.001-1.001, p=0.000), and lactate (95% CI 1.437-1.908, p=0.000) were found to be the most important factors associated with mortality in patients with AMI. The ability to predict in-hospital mortality in AMI was compared, and GPR was found to have a higher predictive ability than troponin, a biomarker of myocardial damage (AUC: 0.729; P?=?0.000; Sensitivity:70%; Specificity:70%; Cut-off: 38.21). Conclusion: GPR, as a new and inexpensive biomarker, can be used to determine in-hospital mortality in patients with AMI. This index has a better predictive ability than troponin, NLR, and PLR, but is weaker than lactate.