Techniques for conservative treatment of peri-implantitis

Abstract

Relevance. Dental implants are widely used to restore the patient’s teeth. They have become aworthy alternative to removable dentures. With the accumulation of clinical experience, the indications for dental implantation expanded, and as aresult, the evaluation of long-term results became possible. In parallel with the expansion of clinical use of dental implants and the introduction of the technology into everyday practice, the experience of complications and errors accumulated, and from single publications in the 1990s, at the very beginning of development, to large-­scale studies in the 10s. And if in the early period of implantology development the success of treatment was mainly associated with implant survival, then modern research focuses on the state of tissues around the implant, and the influence of processes in them on the overall outcome of treatment. One of the main complications is inflammation of peri-implant tissues - peri-implantitis. Modern authors define peri-implantitis as an inflammatory process affecting the tissues around afunctionally integrated implant, resulting in loss of supporting bone. Continued bone loss around the implant can significantly impair implant stability and function. The authors review the scientific literature describing experimental conservative treatment protocols for peri-implantitis and attempts to achieve osseointegration. Conclusion. The reviewed literature advocated various methods of surgical regenerative treatment for peri-implantitis, including the use of bone substitutes, methods of detoxification of implant surfaces, and the administration of antimicrobial agents. There are many different protocols for the treatment of peri-implantitis; they all share the same goal of reducing disease progression and bone loss by eliminating bacterial infection. The controversy over the proper approach to treating peri-implantitis and restoring osseointegration clearly demonstrates the need for more research to answer this question.