Does facial growth pattern affect the perception of lower facial asymmetry?

Ece Basal, Ismail Cevik, Yasemin Bahar Acar, Fulya Özdemir
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Abstract

To investigate the influence of vertical facial type on esthetic perception of lower facial asymmetry as evaluated by orthodontists, dentists, and laypeople. Three adult females were selected with normal growth patterns (NGP), vertical growth patterns (VGP), and horizontal growth patterns (HGP). Frontal photographs were made symmetric and digitally altered, rotating the lower facial third clockwise, ranging from 0° to 6° in 1° increments. A web-based survey was designed with 24 images (eight images for each model) in random order. Each image was rated using a scale ranging from 0 (unattractive) to 10 (the most attractive) by 75 orthodontists, 73 dentists, and 78 laypeople. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to determine whether differences among groups were significant. Pairwise comparisons were made with Mann-Whitney U test. The significance level was set at P = .05. In NGP, orthodontists and dentists could recognize slighter deviations (2°), while deviations in VGP and HGP under 3° were not recognized by all groups. Severe deviations (≥4°) were distinguished better in HGP by orthodontists and laypeople. In VGP and NGP, there was no significant difference over 4°. Growth pattern has a significant influence on perception of lower facial asymmetry. Less severe asymmetry can be detected better in NGP. In severe degrees, increments of asymmetry can be perceived more in HGP by orthodontists and laypeople.
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面部生长模式是否会影响对面部下部不对称的感知?
目的:通过正畸医生、牙医和普通人的评价,研究垂直脸型对面部下部不对称美感的影响。 选取了三名成年女性,她们的生长模式分别为正常生长模式(NGP)、垂直生长模式(VGP)和水平生长模式(HGP)。对正面照片进行对称和数字修改,顺时针旋转面部下三分之一,旋转角度从 0° 到 6°,增量为 1°。我们设计了一个基于网络的调查问卷,其中包含 24 张图片(每个模型 8 张),顺序随机。75 名牙齿矫正专家、73 名牙医和 78 名非专业人士对每张图片进行了评分,评分标准从 0 分(不具吸引力)到 10 分(最具吸引力)不等。采用 Kruskal-Wallis 检验来确定组间差异是否显著。配对比较采用 Mann-Whitney U 检验。显著性水平设定为 P = .05。 在 NGP 中,正畸医生和牙科医生可以识别较轻微的偏差(2°),而在 VGP 和 HGP 中,所有组别都无法识别 3°以下的偏差。在 HGP 中,正畸医生和非专业人士对严重偏差(≥4°)的识别率更高。在 VGP 和 NGP 中,4°以上的偏差没有明显差异。 生长模式对面部下部不对称的感知有重要影响。在 NGP 中,较轻的不对称更容易被发现。在严重程度上,正畸医生和非专业人士对 HGP 的不对称增量感知较好。
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