The Angle orthodontist最新文献

Objectives: To explore the relationship between changes in Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) score and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) following orthodontic treatment and to assess responsiveness of the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) in a cohort of young adults.

Materials and methods: Participants (n = 162) aged 18-25 years requiring comprehensive fixed orthodontic treatment were recruited. Changes in OHRQoL were measured using the PIDAQ, while malocclusion severity was assessed using the PAR index and Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need. Data were collected before treatment (T0) and 1 month after treatment completion (T1). Responsiveness of the PIDAQ was evaluated using standardized effect size, standardized response mean, and Global Transition Judgment.

Results: A positive, moderate overall correlation (r = 0.417, P < .05) was observed between changes in PAR and PIDAQ scores posttreatment, with significant improvements in OHRQoL reported by 88.1% of participants at T1. Subgroup analysis revealed strong correlations in cases of crowding (r = 0.711) and increased overjet (r = 0.703), while Class III malocclusion showed a weaker correlation (r = 0.263). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that change in PAR score was independently associated (R2 = 0.652) with change in OHRQoL score. The PIDAQ demonstrated responsiveness to treatment-associated changes, with a significant reduction in OHRQoL scores posttreatment.

Conclusions: While a positive correlation between the objective measure of malocclusion severity (PAR) and subjective OHRQoL was identified, the relationship was moderate. The PIDAQ was found to be a responsive scale for assessing OHRQoL in orthodontic patients.

Objectives: To determine effects of printing layer thickness and build orientation on mechanical properties and color stability of direct 3D-printed clear aligner resin.

Materials and methods: Specimens were printed using 3D printed clear aligner resin with two printing layer thicknesses (50 µm, 100 µm) and three build orientations (90°, 60°, and 45°). Mechanical properties (tensile stress, tensile strain, and elastic modulus), color stability in coffee and artificial saliva, and roughness were then evaluated.

Results: Specimens printed with a 50 µm layer thickness and orientation at 90° demonstrated superior color stability in artificial saliva. However, all specimens showed high susceptibility to coffee staining regardless of layer thickness or orientation. Mechanical properties were improved in the order of 90° < 60° < 45° build orientation, showing statistically significant differences (P < .05). Surface roughness was increased in the order of 90° < 60° < 45° build orientation, showing statistically significant differences (P < .05).

Conclusions: Printing layer thickness and orientation exerted significant effects on mechanical properties, color stability, and surface roughness of 3D-printed clear aligner resin.

Objectives: To assess the perception of smile esthetics, variations in buccolingual crown inclination of the upper anterior teeth were introduced, disrupting the parallelism of these connectors from a frontal view.

Materials and methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, a close-up smile image was modified using Adobe Photoshop to adjust the angulation of connectors, affecting either the six upper anterior teeth (C/C group) or the four upper anterior teeth (LI/LI group). Orthodontists (ORs), general dentists (GDs), and laypersons (LPs) then evaluated the attractiveness of the modified smiles.

Results: A total of 79 LPs, 65 ORs, and 89 GDs participated in the evaluation. LPs gave the highest scores, followed by GDs and ORs, in both the C/C and LI/LI groups. The -6° deviated image was the least favored in the C/C group, while the -9° image received the lowest scores in the LI/LI group.

Conclusions: In this study, we highlight the importance of proper buccolingual crown inclination and parallelism of connectors during treatment. The OR group showed the most critical assessment of smile esthetics related to buccolingual crown inclination variations. Lower scores were noted for greater deformations and negative inclinations in both the LI/LI and C/C groups.

Practitioners may face difficulties implementing research results into practice. Seven examples of common knowledge translation barriers for clinicians are presented, and suggestions are offered for building effective communication bridges. Changes in how research results are reported and interpreted across different practice contexts can improve orthodontic care. These include (a) attention to the expected benefit that includes estimates of both likely clinical value and probability of occurrence, (b) cost considerations, (c) generalizability across contexts that require interpretation adjustments, (d) measures of effect size in addition to measures of statistical significance, (e) determination of the largest relative sources of variance in the reported results, (f) estimating probabilities that lead to practice actions, and (g) conversion of research descriptions to values that impact practice decisions. Examples of improved communication relevant to clinicians are provided that can be used to build stronger bridges between orthodontic research and practice. Although advances in orthodontic research rigor have been noted, journal articles would benefit from more clinician-friendly descriptions of results and their impact.

This case report describes the nonsurgical management of a patient with a Class II skeletal pattern, retrognathic mandible, steep mandibular angle, maxillary vertical excess, and lip incompetence. The treatment approach involved orthodontic mechanics supported with skeletal anchorage to achieve maximal intrusion and retraction of the dentition. A novel elastic hanging rack appliance, supported by midpalatal miniscrews, was used. A maximal anchorage setup for active vertical control on both arches was illustrated. Significant improvement in the facial profile was achieved with optimal occlusion. Cephalometric analysis revealed successful incisor retraction and intrusion, as well as a forward rotation of the mandible. The treatment outcome illustrates the impact of active vertical control on orthodontic camouflage treatment for severe protrusion.

Objectives: To explore how orthodontic treatment affects different aspects of life, such as self-esteem, well-being, and social interactions and, additionally, to identify the long-term challenges that orthodontic patients experience after treatment.

Materials and methods: This qualitative study involved in-depth semistructured face-to-face interviews. A purposive sampling strategy aimed to recruit a representative cohort of orthodontic patients who had their orthodontic treatment in adolescence and had their treatment concluded at least 5 years previously. Twenty-one patients (13 females and 8 males) were interviewed using a prepiloted topic guide. These interviews were transcribed and analyzed verbatim, using the general inductive method of data analysis.

Results: The thematic analysis revealed four key themes and related subthemes: (1) self-confidence and interpersonal communication, (2) social and professional opportunities, (3) oral health and function, and (4) challenges. In-depth analysis revealed positive treatment outcomes regarding enhanced self-confidence, social interactions, and perceived improvement in oral health and function. It also highlighted ongoing challenges with retainers and dissatisfaction with relapse.

Conclusions: Orthodontic treatment can significantly impact patient lives. Orthodontic patients described direct long-term positive effects on their social lives and well-being. However, it is equally important to remain mindful of the long-term challenges that may arise after treatment, especially with retainer choices and relapse, enabling proactive measures to mitigate their impact.

Objectives: To evaluate nasal septum changes after rapid maxillary expansion (RME) during the mixed dentition and to verify the association between quantitative and qualitative assessments of nasal septum deviation (NSD) by ear, nose, and throat (ENT) specialists.

Materials and methods: The sample comprised 24 patients (11 male, 13 female) with a mean age of 7.62 ± 0.92 years with maxillary transverse deficiencies. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were obtained before and after RME. Three CBCT coronal sections passing through the maxillary first molars, 5 mm anterior and 5 mm posterior, were used for quantitative assessment. NSD was calculated using the ratio of nasal cavity height to nasal septum contour. Additionally, five ENT professionals evaluated NSD qualitatively using scores from 1 to 3 through CBCT sequential axial and coronal sections. Absent NSD was scored as zero. Interstage changes were assessed using Wilcoxon tests. Spearman correlation and linear regression were performed to evaluate the association between quantitative and qualitative analyses (P < .05).

Results: No significant change was observed in the NSD ratio. In pre-expansion CBCT images, absence of NSD and scores 1, 2, and 3 for NSD were found for 45.8%, 41.7%, 12.5%, and 0%, respectively. In the qualitative assessment, no significant change in NSD was observed after expansion. A strong association was found between NSD ratio and ENT score (r = 0.750).

Conclusions: In the mixed dentition, no significant change was observed in the NSD ratio. Qualitative analysis of NSD was associated with quantitative assessment of the ratio between nasal septum contour and nasal cavity height.

Objectives: To compare short-term changes in the levels of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of individuals undergoing orthodontic treatment with clear aligners.

Materials and methods: This study included 15 individuals. Each patient used clear aligners designed not to cause tooth movement in the GCF sampled teeth, to be changed every 10 days. GCF samples were collected from teeth 16 (upper right first molar) and 31 (lower left central incisor) at baseline and after the procedure at the first hour, third, seventh, 14th, and 21st days. In addition, clinical periodontal parameters for the full mouth and the teeth from which GCF was collected were recorded initially and on the 21st day.

Results: A statistically significant difference was observed between the levels of IL-8 before the procedure, on the third and seventh days, and on the 21st day (P < .01). The increase in IL-6 levels on the 14th and 21st days was significantly different compared to the levels before the procedure (P < .01). A positive correlation was detected between IL-8 and IL-6 levels at the first hour, a negative correlation on the third day, and a lower level of positive correlation on the seventh, 14th, and 21st days.

Conclusions: Within 21 days, the levels of IL-8 and IL-6 significantly increased in individuals undergoing orthodontic treatment with clear aligners. Within the limits of this study, the clear aligner material may affect the levels of IL-8 and IL-6 in the GCF.

Objectives: To examine tooth root length and root volume in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images in patients with skeletal Class II and III anomalies who have undergone single-jaw (SJ) and double-jaw (DJ) orthognathic surgery, and to compare the changes between jaws with and without osteotomy.

Materials and methods: This study was conducted on the archive records of a total of 60 adults: 36 women and 24 men with an average age of 21.1 ± 3.1 years, whose CBCT images were recorded just before orthognathic surgery and within 6-12 months after surgery. The sample was divided into four groups with 15 individuals in each: Class II SJ (mandibular advancement only), Class II DJ (maxillary advancement and impaction with mandibular advancement), Class III SJ (maxillary advancement and impaction), and Class III DJ (maxillary advancement and impaction with mandibular setback).

Results: Within groups, statistically significant decreases in root length and root volume were found in the period between preorthognatic and postorthognathic surgery (P < .05). No statistically significant differences were found in comparisons between groups (P > .05).

Conclusions: Regardless of the type of skeletal anomaly in the sagittal direction and the orthognathic surgery performed, a statistically significant but clinically insignificant decrease was found in tooth root length and root volume during the postorthognathic surgery period, both in jaws with and without osteotomy.