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Patients' perspectives of the long-term impact of orthodontic treatment: a qualitative study.
Pub Date : 2024-12-20 DOI: 10.2319/031424-216.1
Hisham Mohammed, Ahmed Morsi, Khaled Wafaie, Ben K Daniel, Mauro Farella

Objectives: To explore how orthodontic treatment affects different aspects of life, such as self-esteem, well-being, and social interactions and, additionally, to identify the long-term challenges that orthodontic patients experience after treatment.

Materials and methods: This qualitative study involved in-depth semistructured face-to-face interviews. A purposive sampling strategy aimed to recruit a representative cohort of orthodontic patients who had their orthodontic treatment in adolescence and had their treatment concluded at least 5 years previously. Twenty-one patients (13 females and 8 males) were interviewed using a prepiloted topic guide. These interviews were transcribed and analyzed verbatim, using the general inductive method of data analysis.

Results: The thematic analysis revealed four key themes and related subthemes: (1) self-confidence and interpersonal communication, (2) social and professional opportunities, (3) oral health and function, and (4) challenges. In-depth analysis revealed positive treatment outcomes regarding enhanced self-confidence, social interactions, and perceived improvement in oral health and function. It also highlighted ongoing challenges with retainers and dissatisfaction with relapse.

Conclusions: Orthodontic treatment can significantly impact patient lives. Orthodontic patients described direct long-term positive effects on their social lives and well-being. However, it is equally important to remain mindful of the long-term challenges that may arise after treatment, especially with retainer choices and relapse, enabling proactive measures to mitigate their impact.

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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of IL-8 and IL-6 levels in gingival crevicular fluid of individuals undergoing clear aligner therapy.
Pub Date : 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.2319/050224-347.1
Dicle Altındal, Yasemin Tunca, Murat Tunca

Objectives: To compare short-term changes in the levels of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of individuals undergoing orthodontic treatment with clear aligners.

Materials and methods: This study included 15 individuals. Each patient used clear aligners designed not to cause tooth movement in the GCF sampled teeth, to be changed every 10 days. GCF samples were collected from teeth 16 (upper right first molar) and 31 (lower left central incisor) at baseline and after the procedure at the first hour, third, seventh, 14th, and 21st days. In addition, clinical periodontal parameters for the full mouth and the teeth from which GCF was collected were recorded initially and on the 21st day.

Results: A statistically significant difference was observed between the levels of IL-8 before the procedure, on the third and seventh days, and on the 21st day (P < .01). The increase in IL-6 levels on the 14th and 21st days was significantly different compared to the levels before the procedure (P < .01). A positive correlation was detected between IL-8 and IL-6 levels at the first hour, a negative correlation on the third day, and a lower level of positive correlation on the seventh, 14th, and 21st days.

Conclusions: Within 21 days, the levels of IL-8 and IL-6 significantly increased in individuals undergoing orthodontic treatment with clear aligners. Within the limits of this study, the clear aligner material may affect the levels of IL-8 and IL-6 in the GCF.

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引用次数: 0
Difference in discrepancies of mandibular incisor compensation relative to Menton deviation between Class III roll- and yaw-dominant asymmetries. Ⅲ类滚动和偏航主导型不对称之间下颌切牙补偿相对于门顿偏差的差异。
Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.2319/022324-141.1
Ho-Jin Kim, Hyung-Kyu Noh, Hyo-Sang Park

Objectives: To compare mandibular incisor compensation relative to Menton (Me) deviation between skeletal Class III patients with roll- and yaw-dominant mandibular asymmetries.

Materials and methods: Sixty skeletal Class III patients (21.62 ± 2.69 years) with facial asymmetry were divided into roll- or yaw-dominant asymmetry groups. Mandibular skeletal and incisor measurements were carried out using cone-beam computed tomography data, and values were compared between the two asymmetry groups or between moderate and severe asymmetry subgroups using independent t-test or Mann-Whitney U-test. The relationship between skeletal and dental measurements was assessed using Pearson correlation coefficient.

Results: Relative to the mandibular midsagittal plane, the yaw-dominant group presented significantly greater mandibular dental midline deviation in distance (LI-mid deviation, 2.15 mm) and angulation (4.20°) toward the nondeviated side than the roll-dominant group (P < .001). The ratio of amount of LI-mid deviation to Me deviation was significantly greater in the yaw-dominant group (26.44%) than in the roll-dominant group (1.76%; P < .001). In the yaw-dominant group, the LI-mid deviation was significantly greater in the severe asymmetry subgroup than in the moderate asymmetry subgroup, and the amount of mandibular incisor compensation was positively correlated with Me deviation and mandibular yaw.

Conclusions: Mandibular incisor compensation differed significantly between the roll- and yaw-dominant asymmetry groups. The yaw-dominant group demonstrated significant mandibular dental midline deviation, and dental compensation of the anterior teeth was positively correlated with Me deviation and mandibular yaw.

目的比较下颌不对称以滚动和偏航为主的骨骼III级患者的下颌切牙补偿相对于Menton(Me)偏差:将 60 名面部不对称的骨骼 III 级患者(21.62 ± 2.69 岁)分为滚动或偏航主导不对称组。使用锥形束计算机断层扫描数据对下颌骨和门牙进行测量,使用独立 t 检验或曼-惠特尼 U 检验比较两个不对称组之间或中度和重度不对称亚组之间的数值。使用皮尔逊相关系数评估骨骼和牙齿测量值之间的关系:结果:相对于下颌骨中矢状面,偏航主导组的下颌骨牙齿中线偏离距离(LI-mid deviation,2.15 mm)和向非偏离侧的角度(4.20°)明显大于滚动主导组(P < .001)。偏航优势组的 LI 中偏离量与 Me 偏离量之比(26.44%)明显高于滚动优势组(1.76%;P < .001)。在偏航主导组中,严重不对称亚组的LI-Mid偏差明显大于中度不对称亚组,下颌切牙补偿量与Me偏差和下颌偏航呈正相关:下颌切牙补偿在滚动主导型和偏航主导型不对称组之间存在显著差异。偏航主导组显示出明显的下颌牙齿中线偏差,前牙的牙齿补偿与Me偏差和下颌偏航呈正相关。
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引用次数: 0
Effectiveness of removable anterior bite planes with varied mealtime protocols in correcting deep bites among growing patients: a randomized clinical trial. 可移动前牙咬合平面与不同进餐时间方案对矫正成长期患者深咬合的效果:随机临床试验。
Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.2319/022124-129.1
Thanapat Sangwattanarat, Udom Thongudomporn

Objectives: To compare effectiveness of two protocols for correcting deep bite in growing patients using a removable anterior bite plane (RABP): full-time wear with appliance on during meals (F + M) vs off during meals (F - M) and to explore the relationship between average daily duration of wear and overbite (OB) correction rate, stratified by the wear protocol.

Materials and methods: Thirty-two growing patients with deep bite (mean age = 10.94 ± 2.17 years) were randomly assigned to the F + M (n = 16) or F - M (n = 16) group. Cephalometric radiographs were taken at baseline (T0) and when normal OB was achieved (T1). Duration of wear was recorded by a TheraMon microsensor within the appliance. A best-fit regression model for the relationship between daily duration of wear and OB correction rate was determined (α = 0.05).

Results: Both groups exhibited similar baseline characteristics and cephalometric changes, ie, molar extrusion, and incisor intrusion and proclination in both arches (P < .05), and intergroup differences were not significant. Here, F + M exhibited significantly faster rates of deep bite correction (1.83 ± 1.18 vs 1.08 ± 0.62 mm/month; P < .05) and mandibular molar extrusion (0.46 ± 0.25 vs 0.30 ± 0.18 mm/month, P < .05) compared with F - M. Best-fit regression models for relationship between daily duration of wear and OB correction rate were exponential for both F + M (R2 = 0.53) and F - M (R2 = 0.74).

Conclusions: Here, F + M and F - M protocols resulted in comparable cephalometric changes among deep bite growing patients. However, the F + M group exhibited a faster correction rate. Daily duration of wear positively correlated with OB correction rate in an exponential manner.

目的比较使用可摘前牙咬合平面(RABP)矫正生长期患者深咬合的两种方案的有效性:进餐时佩戴矫治器的全时佩戴方案(F + M)与进餐时关闭矫治器的全时佩戴方案(F - M),并探讨按佩戴方案分层的日平均佩戴时间与过度咬合(OB)矫正率之间的关系:32名生长发育中的深咬合患者(平均年龄为10.94 ± 2.17岁)被随机分配到 "F + M "组(16人)或 "F - M "组(16人)。分别在基线(T0)和达到正常 OB 时(T1)拍摄头影照片。矫治器内的 TheraMon 微型传感器记录佩戴时间。结果表明,两组患者的基线特征相似,矫治器的佩戴时间也相似:两组的基线特征和头测量变化相似,即两个牙弓的臼齿挤出、切牙内收和前倾(P < .05),组间差异不显著。与 F - M 相比,F + M 的深咬合矫正率(1.83 ± 1.18 vs 1.08 ± 0.62 mm/月;P < .05)和下颌臼齿挤压率(0.46 ± 0.25 vs 0.30 ± 0.18 mm/月;P < .05)明显更快。F + M(R2 = 0.53)和 F - M(R2 = 0.74)的每日戴用时间与外展位矫正率之间关系的最佳拟合回归模型均为指数型:在此,F + M 和 F - M 方案在深咬合生长期患者中产生的头测量变化具有可比性。然而,F + M 组的矫正速度更快。每日戴用时间与OB矫正率呈指数正相关。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of automated photograph-cephalogram image integration using artificial intelligence models. 利用人工智能模型评估自动照片脑电图图像集成。
Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.2319/010124-1.1
Jun-Ho Moon, Min-Gyu Kim, Sung Joo Cho, Dong-Yub Ko, Hye-Won Hwang, Ji-Ae Park, Shin-Jae Lee

Objectives: To develop and evaluate an automated method for combining a digital photograph with a lateral cephalogram.

Materials and methods: A total of 985 digital photographs were collected and soft tissue landmarks were manually detected. Then 2500 lateral cephalograms were collected, and corresponding soft tissue landmarks were manually detected. Using the images and landmark identification information, two different artificial intelligence (AI) models-one for detecting soft tissue on photographs and the other for identifying soft tissue on cephalograms-were developed using different deep-learning algorithms. The digital photographs were rotated, scaled, and shifted to minimize the squared sum of distances between the soft tissue landmarks identified by the two different AI models. As a validation process, eight soft tissue landmarks were selected on digital photographs and lateral cephalometric radiographs from 100 additionally collected validation subjects. Paired t-tests were used to compare the accuracy of measures obtained between the automated and manual image integration methods.

Results: The validation results showed statistically significant differences between the automated and manual methods on the upper lip and soft tissue B point. Otherwise, no statistically significant difference was found.

Conclusions: Automated photograph-cephalogram image integration using AI models seemed to be as reliable as manual superimposition procedures.

目的开发并评估一种将数码照片与头颅侧位图相结合的自动方法:共收集了 985 张数码照片,并人工检测了软组织标志。然后收集了 2500 张侧头颅照片,并人工检测了相应的软组织地标。利用图像和地标识别信息,使用不同的深度学习算法开发了两种不同的人工智能(AI)模型,一种用于检测照片上的软组织,另一种用于识别头颅影像上的软组织。对数字照片进行旋转、缩放和移动,以最小化两种不同人工智能模型所识别的软组织地标之间的距离平方和。作为验证过程,从 100 名额外收集的验证对象的数码照片和头颅侧位X光片上选取了八个软组织地标。采用配对 t 检验来比较自动和手动图像整合方法所获得测量结果的准确性:结果:验证结果表明,在上唇和软组织 B 点上,自动和手动方法的差异具有统计学意义。结论:自动照片-脑电图图像整合方法与人工图像整合方法在上唇和软组织 B 点上的差异具有统计学意义:结论:使用人工智能模型进行自动照片-脑电图图像整合似乎与手动叠加程序一样可靠。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of printing technology and orientation on the accuracy of three-dimensional printed retainers. 印刷技术和方向对三维印刷保持器精度的影响。
Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.2319/120823-812.1
Tarek ElShebiny, Luciane Macedo de Menezes, Stefanos Matthaios, Ioannis A Tsolakis, Juan Martin Palomo

Objectives: To evaluate the impact of printer technology and print orientation on the accuracy of directly printed retainers.

Materials and methods: Digital retainers were printed with two different printing technologies: digital light processing (DLP) and stereolithography (SLA), using two different orientations: 0° and 90°. After printing, the retainers (n = 40) were scanned using cone-beam computed tomography. The DICOM files were then converted into standard tessellation language (STL) files. Comparison of the printed retainers with a master file was done by superimposition using a three-dimensional (3D) best-fit tool in Geomagic software. A ±0.25 mm tolerance was set to detect differences between the superimposed files. Statistical analysis was conducted (Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney tests, with Bonferroni correction).

Results: The lowest median average deviation was observed for the DLP horizontally printed models (median, [interquartile range (IQR)] = 0.01 mm, [-0.01, 0.02]) followed by the SLA horizontally printed retainers (median, [IQR] = 0.05 mm, [0.03, 0.07]). The highest median inside the tolerance levels ratio was observed for the horizontally SLA printed retainers (median, [IQR] = 78.9%, [74.4, 82.4%]) followed by the horizontally DLP printed retainers (median, [IQR] = 78.2%, [74.5, 80.7%]).

Conclusions: Both technologies (DLP and SLA) showed 3D printed results compatible with orthodontic clinical needs. Printing orientation was more important than printer type regarding its accuracy. Additional studies are needed to evaluate the accuracy of direct printed appliances clinically.

目的:评估打印机技术和打印方向对直接打印固位体精度的影响:评估打印机技术和打印方向对直接打印固位体精度的影响:使用两种不同的打印技术:数字光处理 (DLP) 和立体光刻 (SLA),以两种不同的方向打印数字保持器:0°和 90°。打印完成后,使用锥形束计算机断层扫描对固位体(n = 40)进行扫描。然后将 DICOM 文件转换为标准细分语言 (STL) 文件。通过使用 Geomagic 软件中的三维 (3D) 最佳拟合工具进行叠加,将打印出的固位体与主文件进行比较。为检测叠加文件之间的差异,设定了 ±0.25 毫米的公差。进行了统计分析(Kruskal-Wallis 和 Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney 检验,Bonferroni 校正):DLP水平打印模型的平均偏差中值最小(中值,[四分位数间距(IQR)] = 0.01毫米,[-0.01,0.02]),其次是SLA水平打印固位体(中值,[四分位数间距(IQR)] = 0.05毫米,[0.03,0.07])。水平 SLA 印刷保持架的公差水平内比率中位数最高(中位数,[IQR] = 78.9%,[74.4, 82.4%]),其次是水平 DLP 印刷保持架(中位数,[IQR] = 78.2%,[74.5, 80.7%]):结论:两种技术(DLP 和 SLA)都显示出符合正畸临床需求的 3D 打印结果。在精确度方面,打印方向比打印机类型更重要。需要进行更多的研究来评估直接打印矫治器在临床上的准确性。
{"title":"Effect of printing technology and orientation on the accuracy of three-dimensional printed retainers.","authors":"Tarek ElShebiny, Luciane Macedo de Menezes, Stefanos Matthaios, Ioannis A Tsolakis, Juan Martin Palomo","doi":"10.2319/120823-812.1","DOIUrl":"10.2319/120823-812.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the impact of printer technology and print orientation on the accuracy of directly printed retainers.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Digital retainers were printed with two different printing technologies: digital light processing (DLP) and stereolithography (SLA), using two different orientations: 0° and 90°. After printing, the retainers (n = 40) were scanned using cone-beam computed tomography. The DICOM files were then converted into standard tessellation language (STL) files. Comparison of the printed retainers with a master file was done by superimposition using a three-dimensional (3D) best-fit tool in Geomagic software. A ±0.25 mm tolerance was set to detect differences between the superimposed files. Statistical analysis was conducted (Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney tests, with Bonferroni correction).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The lowest median average deviation was observed for the DLP horizontally printed models (median, [interquartile range (IQR)] = 0.01 mm, [-0.01, 0.02]) followed by the SLA horizontally printed retainers (median, [IQR] = 0.05 mm, [0.03, 0.07]). The highest median inside the tolerance levels ratio was observed for the horizontally SLA printed retainers (median, [IQR] = 78.9%, [74.4, 82.4%]) followed by the horizontally DLP printed retainers (median, [IQR] = 78.2%, [74.5, 80.7%]).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both technologies (DLP and SLA) showed 3D printed results compatible with orthodontic clinical needs. Printing orientation was more important than printer type regarding its accuracy. Additional studies are needed to evaluate the accuracy of direct printed appliances clinically.</p>","PeriodicalId":94224,"journal":{"name":"The Angle orthodontist","volume":" ","pages":"657-663"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11493428/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142083019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
How reliable is the artificial intelligence product large language model ChatGPT in orthodontics? 人工智能产品大型语言模型 ChatGPT 在正畸学中的可靠性如何?
Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.2319/031224-207.1
Kevser Kurt Demirsoy, Suleyman Kutalmış Buyuk, Tayyip Bicer

Objectives: To evaluate the reliability of information produced by the artificial intelligence-based program ChatGPT in terms of accuracy and relevance, as assessed by orthodontists, dental students, and individuals seeking orthodontic treatment.

Materials and methods: Frequently asked and curious questions in four basic areas related to orthodontics were prepared and asked in ChatGPT (Version 4.0), and answers were evaluated by three different groups (senior dental students, individuals seeking orthodontic treatment, orthodontists). Questions asked in these basic areas of orthodontics were about: clear aligners (CA), lingual orthodontics (LO), esthetic braces (EB), and temporomandibular disorders (TMD). The answers were evaluated by the Global Quality Scale (GQS) and Quality Criteria for Consumer Health Information (DISCERN) scale.

Results: The total mean DISCERN score for answers on CA for students was 51.7 ± 9.38, for patients was 57.2 ± 10.73 and, for orthodontists was 47.4 ± 4.78 (P = .001). Comparison of GQS scores for LO among groups: students (3.53 ± 0.78), patients (4.40 ± 0.72), and orthodontists (3.63 ± 0.72) (P < .001). Intergroup comparison of ChatGPT evaluations about TMD was examined in terms of the DISCERN scale, with the highest value given in the patients group (57.83 ± 11.47) and lowest value in the orthodontist group (45.90 ± 11.84). When information quality evaluation about EB was examined, it GQS scores were >3 in all three groups (students: 3.50 ± 0.78; patients: 4.17 ± 0.87; orthodontists: 3.50 ± 0.82).

Conclusions: ChatGPT has significant potential in terms of usability for patient information and education in the field of orthodontics if it is developed and necessary updates are made.

目的:评估基于人工智能的 ChatGPT 程序所生成信息的准确性和相关性:评估基于人工智能的 ChatGPT 程序所生成的信息在准确性和相关性方面的可靠性,由正畸医生、牙科学生和寻求正畸治疗的个人进行评估:在 ChatGPT(4.0 版)中准备了与正畸相关的四个基本领域中的常见问题和好奇问题,并由三个不同的小组(高年级牙科学生、寻求正畸治疗的个人、正畸医生)对答案进行评估。在正畸的这些基本领域中提出的问题涉及:透明矫治器 (CA)、舌侧正畸 (LO)、美学矫治器 (EB) 和颞下颌关节紊乱 (TMD)。答案采用全球质量量表(GQS)和消费者健康信息质量标准(DISCERN)量表进行评估:学生关于 CA 答案的 DISCERN 总平均得分为 51.7 ± 9.38,患者为 57.2 ± 10.73,正畸医生为 47.4 ± 4.78(P = .001)。各组间 LO 的 GQS 分数比较:学生(3.53 ± 0.78)、患者(4.40 ± 0.72)和正畸医生(3.63 ± 0.72)(P < .001)。根据 DISCERN 量表对 ChatGPT 关于 TMD 的评价进行了组间比较,患者组的评价值最高(57.83 ± 11.47),正畸医师组的评价值最低(45.90 ± 11.84)。在对 EB 的信息质量进行评估时,三组的 GQS 分数均大于 3(学生:3.50 ± 0.78;患者:4.17 ± 0.87;正畸医生:3.50 ± 0.82):如果对 ChatGPT 进行开发和必要的更新,它在正畸领域患者信息和教育的可用性方面具有巨大潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Comparison of the effect of clear twin block and traditional twin block on speech: a randomized clinical trial. 比较透明双阻滞和传统双阻滞对言语的影响:随机临床试验。
Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.2319/030323-149.1
Mohammad Rahim Shahbodaghi, Mahsa Zali, Ahmad Behroozian, Hooshang Dadgar

Objectives: To compare the effect of clear twin block (CTB) and traditional twin block (TTB) appliances on speech.

Materials and methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 18 skeletal Class II (Class II, division 1) growing patients were selected and randomly divided into CTB and TTB groups. Objective and semiobjective speech assessment tests were performed for vowel and consonant analyses at four time intervals: before (T0), immediately after (T1), 1 month after (T2), and 3 months after (T3) inserting the appliance. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and independent t-test at the .05 significance level.

Results: Intergroup comparisons showed that the CTB group had less speech distortion immediately after insertion of the appliance (P < .05) than the TTB group; however, the differences were not significant at other time intervals. Intragroup comparisons showed that the number of distortions decreased significantly from T1 to T3 in both groups (P < .05). In contrast to CTB, the T0-T3 comparison was significant in the TTB group.

Conclusions: Although both appliances had some effects on speech, CTB had less speech distortion immediately after insertion, which is a very crucial moment in patient compliance. Additionally, articulation structures adapted to CTB faster than to TTB.

目的比较透明双阻滞(CTB)和传统双阻滞(TTB)矫治器对言语的影响:在这项随机临床试验中,选取了 18 名骨骼生长 II 类(II 类,1 分部)患者,将其随机分为 CTB 组和 TTB 组。在四个时间间隔内进行客观和半客观语音评估测试,对元音和辅音进行分析:安装矫治器前(T0)、安装矫治器后(T1)、安装矫治器 1 个月后(T2)和安装矫治器 3 个月后(T3)。数据分析采用方差分析和独立 t 检验,显著性水平为 0.05:组间比较显示,CTB 组在佩戴矫治器后的言语失真程度(P < .05)低于 TTB 组,但在其他时间间隔内差异不显著。组内比较显示,从 T1 到 T3,两组的失真数量都明显减少(P < .05)。与 CTB 相比,TTB 组的 T0-T3 比较具有显著性:尽管两种矫治器都对言语有一定的影响,但 CTB 在插入后立即出现的言语失真较少,而这正是患者顺应性的关键时刻。此外,发音结构对 CTB 的适应快于 TTB。
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引用次数: 0
More molar distal movement than pretreatment cone-beam computed tomography posterior space available at the root level in mandibular dentition distalization with microimplants. 在使用微型种植体进行下颌牙远端矫治时,与矫治前相比,锥束计算机断层扫描在牙根水平可获得更多的磨牙远端移动空间。
Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.2319/050724-357.1
Di Sun, Ho-Jin Kim, Hyung-Kyu Noh, Hyo-Sang Park

Objectives: To compare the mandibular posterior space available before treatment and the distance of molar distalization achieved after mandibular dentition distalization with microimplants.

Materials and methods: A total of 66 Class I or III adult patients (mean age = 24.46 ± 4.89 years) who underwent molar distalization using microimplants were retrospectively included. The posterior space available distal to the second molar before treatment and the distance of distalization achieved after treatment were measured using axial cone-beam computed tomography images (0, 2, 4, and 6 mm apical to the second molar root furcation). Changes in lingual cortical thickness and molar root length after treatment were examined. Paired t-test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test was performed to compare measurements before and after treatment. Spearman correlation analysis was performed to assess the relationship between thinning of the cortical plate and root resorption.

Results: Achieved distalization distance was significantly greater than pretreatment posterior space available by 0.8 mm at all root levels (P < .001). The difference was greater toward the root apex level and greater in the Class III group than the Class I group. Lingual cortical thickness was significantly decreased after treatment along with resorption of the second molar distal root (P < .001). In addition, a positive correlation was found between thinning of the cortical plate and distal root resorption of the molar (P < .001).

Conclusions: Achieved distalization distance of the mandibular molar using microimplants was greater than the pretreatment posterior space available. Thinning of the lingual cortex and root resorption were observed after distalization.

目的比较治疗前的下颌后间隙和使用显微种植体进行下颌牙体远端化后的磨牙远端化距离:回顾性地纳入了 66 位接受过磨牙远端植入术的 I 类或 III 类成人患者(平均年龄 = 24.46 ± 4.89 岁)。使用轴向锥束计算机断层扫描图像测量了治疗前第二磨牙远端可用的后方空间和治疗后实现的远端化距离(第二磨牙根部沟尖 0、2、4 和 6 毫米处)。检查治疗后舌侧皮质厚度和磨牙根长度的变化。采用配对 t 检验或 Wilcoxon 符号秩检验比较治疗前后的测量值。进行斯皮尔曼相关分析以评估皮质板变薄与牙根吸收之间的关系:结果:在所有牙根水平上,达到的远端化距离都明显大于治疗前的后部可用空间 0.8 毫米(P < .001)。根尖水平的差异更大,III 类组大于 I 类组。治疗后,舌侧皮质厚度随着第二磨牙远端牙根的吸收而明显减少(P < .001)。此外,皮质板变薄与臼齿远端牙根吸收呈正相关(P < .001):结论:使用微型种植体实现的下颌臼齿远端化距离大于治疗前的后部可用空间。远化后可观察到舌侧皮质变薄和牙根吸收。
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引用次数: 0
Correlations of spheno-occipital synchondrosis, cervical vertebrae, midpalatal suture, and third molar maturation stages. 脊枕骨突、颈椎、腭中缝和第三磨牙成熟阶段的相关性。
Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.2319/041224-295.1
Evan Booth, Grace Viana, Sajjad Shirazi, Steven Miller, Terry Sellke, Mohammed Elnagar, Marlos Viana, Phimon Atsawasuwan

Objectives: To estimate the joint correlations among cervical vertebrae maturation (CVM), spheno-occipital synchondrosis (SOS), midpalatal suture maturation (MPS), and third molar mineralization (TMM) and to assess the predictive potential of SOS on CVM and MPS.

Materials and methods: 570 pretreatment cone-beam computed tomogram (CBCT) scans from three private practices were analyzed, and MPS, CVM, SOS, and TMM stages were categorized and recorded by two independent investigators. Intra- and inter-rater reliability tests were evaluated with weighted Cohen's kappa tests. Spearman correlation coefficients for ordinal data were used to estimate the pairwise correlations among SOS, CVM, MPS, and TMM. To evaluate if SOS could predict CVM and MPS, ordinal regression models were estimated and cross-validated.

Results: The analysis demonstrated a robust positive correlation between SOS and CVM (r = 0.845) and between SOS and MPS (r = 0.742). A significant correlation was also observed between CVM and MPS (r = 0.659). Further correlations were identified between TMM and SOS (r = 0.444), TMM and MPS (r = 0.392), and TMM and CVM (r = 0.358). Ordinal regression models indicated the potential of using SOS as a predictive marker for CVM and MPS stages.

Conclusions: With a comprehensive analysis, SOS is strongly correlated with CVM and MPS, and SOS stage can be used to predict CVM and MPS using ordinal regression. Since MPS stages are challenging to categorize due to their anatomy, this finding suggests a diagnostic tool using SOS stages or when more information on skeletal maturity of the patient is desired.

研究目的估算颈椎成熟(CVM)、椎枕滑膜症(SOS)、腭中缝成熟(MPS)和第三磨牙矿化(TMM)之间的联合相关性,并评估 SOS 对 CVM 和 MPS 的预测潜力。材料和方法:分析了来自三家私人诊所的 570 张治疗前锥形束计算机断层扫描(CBCT)扫描图像,并由两名独立研究人员对 MPS、CVM、SOS 和 TMM 阶段进行分类和记录。评分者内部和评分者之间的可靠性测试采用加权科恩卡帕测试进行评估。序数数据的斯皮尔曼相关系数用于估算 SOS、CVM、MPS 和 TMM 之间的成对相关性。为了评估 SOS 是否能预测 CVM 和 MPS,对序数回归模型进行了估计和交叉验证:分析表明,SOS 与 CVM(r = 0.845)之间以及 SOS 与 MPS(r = 0.742)之间存在稳健的正相关关系。在 CVM 和 MPS 之间也发现了明显的相关性(r = 0.659)。此外,TMM 与 SOS(r = 0.444)、TMM 与 MPS(r = 0.392)以及 TMM 与 CVM(r = 0.358)之间也存在相关性。序数回归模型表明,SOS 有可能成为 CVM 和 MPS 阶段的预测指标:通过综合分析,SOS 与 CVM 和 MPS 密切相关,SOS 阶段可用于使用序数回归预测 CVM 和 MPS。由于MPS分期因其解剖结构而难以分类,这一发现建议使用SOS分期作为诊断工具,或在需要更多关于患者骨骼成熟度的信息时使用。
{"title":"Correlations of spheno-occipital synchondrosis, cervical vertebrae, midpalatal suture, and third molar maturation stages.","authors":"Evan Booth, Grace Viana, Sajjad Shirazi, Steven Miller, Terry Sellke, Mohammed Elnagar, Marlos Viana, Phimon Atsawasuwan","doi":"10.2319/041224-295.1","DOIUrl":"10.2319/041224-295.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To estimate the joint correlations among cervical vertebrae maturation (CVM), spheno-occipital synchondrosis (SOS), midpalatal suture maturation (MPS), and third molar mineralization (TMM) and to assess the predictive potential of SOS on CVM and MPS.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>570 pretreatment cone-beam computed tomogram (CBCT) scans from three private practices were analyzed, and MPS, CVM, SOS, and TMM stages were categorized and recorded by two independent investigators. Intra- and inter-rater reliability tests were evaluated with weighted Cohen's kappa tests. Spearman correlation coefficients for ordinal data were used to estimate the pairwise correlations among SOS, CVM, MPS, and TMM. To evaluate if SOS could predict CVM and MPS, ordinal regression models were estimated and cross-validated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis demonstrated a robust positive correlation between SOS and CVM (r = 0.845) and between SOS and MPS (r = 0.742). A significant correlation was also observed between CVM and MPS (r = 0.659). Further correlations were identified between TMM and SOS (r = 0.444), TMM and MPS (r = 0.392), and TMM and CVM (r = 0.358). Ordinal regression models indicated the potential of using SOS as a predictive marker for CVM and MPS stages.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>With a comprehensive analysis, SOS is strongly correlated with CVM and MPS, and SOS stage can be used to predict CVM and MPS using ordinal regression. Since MPS stages are challenging to categorize due to their anatomy, this finding suggests a diagnostic tool using SOS stages or when more information on skeletal maturity of the patient is desired.</p>","PeriodicalId":94224,"journal":{"name":"The Angle orthodontist","volume":" ","pages":"641-647"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11493427/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142082954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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The Angle orthodontist
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