Simulations of dune morphology under tri-directional wind regimes and application to dunes on Mars

IF 3.1 3区 地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL Aeolian Research Pub Date : 2024-03-26 DOI:10.1016/j.aeolia.2024.100922
David M. Rubin , Olivier Rozier , Clément Narteau , Sylvain Courrech du Pont
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Abstract

Dune morphology was simulated using coupled models of wind flow and sand transport for 4728 tri-directional wind regimes and bed conditions. The dominant control of dune morphology is sand coverage on the bed. Dunes on a fully sand-covered bed tend to form a periodic pattern of long crests with a relatively uniform spacing. In contrast, dunes on a starved bed have greater diversity of crest orientations and shapes, including complex shapes that have not been simulated or observed in bidirectional wind regimes. These specific dune shapes resulting from the tri-directional wind regime persist regardless of whether the transport capacity of the weakest wind is comparable to or only 1/10th that of the dominant wind.

On sand-covered beds, dunes generally have only a single modal orientation (approximately that with maximum gross bedform-normal transport). The exceptions are where two strong winds diverge by 90° (two dune orientations arise), where three winds have triradial symmetry (three dune orientations), or winds have modest deviations from triradial symmetry (two dune orientations).

On a starved bed, increasing the divergence angle between two strong winds produces a highly generalized sequence of: barchan dunes (divergence angle ∼30° between the two dominant winds), squat barchans or domes (divergence angle of ∼60°), dunes with two or three crest orientations (divergence angles ∼90° or 120°), to slug-shaped or boomerang-shaped dunes (divergence angle 180°, i.e., reversing winds). The simulated morphologies include a wide variety of Martian dune shapes, which allows their formative wind regimes to be inferred.

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三向风机制下的沙丘形态模拟及在火星沙丘上的应用
沙丘形态是利用风流和输沙耦合模型模拟的,适用于 4728 种三向风机制和沙床条件。沙丘形态的主要控制因素是沙床的沙覆盖率。完全被沙子覆盖的沙床上的沙丘往往会形成间距相对均匀的长沙丘的周期性形态。与此相反,缺乏沙粒的沙床上的沙丘在沙峰方向和形状上具有更大的多样性,包括在双向风机制中没有模拟或观测到的复杂形状。无论最弱风的输送能力是与主导风相当还是仅为主导风的 1/10,三向风机制产生的这些特定沙丘形状都会持续存在。例外情况是两股强风相差 90°(出现两个沙丘方向),三股风呈三径向对称(三个沙丘方向),或风与三径向对称略有偏差(两个沙丘方向)。在一个饥饿的海床上,两股强风之间的发散角增大会产生一个高度概括的序列:拱形沙丘(两股主导风之间的发散角∼30°)、下蹲的拱形沙丘或圆丘(发散角∼60°)、有两个或三个沙丘峰方向的沙丘(发散角∼90°或120°),到蛞蝓形或回旋镖形沙丘(发散角180°,即反向风)、反向风)。模拟的形态包括各种各样的火星沙丘形状,从而可以推断出它们的形成风向。
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来源期刊
Aeolian Research
Aeolian Research GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL-
CiteScore
7.10
自引率
6.10%
发文量
43
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The scope of Aeolian Research includes the following topics: • Fundamental Aeolian processes, including sand and dust entrainment, transport and deposition of sediment • Modeling and field studies of Aeolian processes • Instrumentation/measurement in the field and lab • Practical applications including environmental impacts and erosion control • Aeolian landforms, geomorphology and paleoenvironments • Dust-atmosphere/cloud interactions.
期刊最新文献
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