Tall, large-diameter trees and dense shrub layer as key determinants of the abundance and composition of bird communities in oak-dominated forests

IF 3.4 2区 农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY Journal of Forestry Research Pub Date : 2024-03-26 DOI:10.1007/s11676-024-01714-w
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Abstract

Increasing human activity is altering the structure of forests, which affects the composition of communities, including birds. However, little is known about the key forest structure variables that determine the richness of bird communities in European temperate oak forests. We, therefore, aimed to identify key variables in these habitats that could contribute to the design of management strategies for forest conservation by surveying 11 oak-dominated forest sites throughout the mid-mountain range of Hungary at 86 survey points to reveal the role of different compositional and structural variables for forest stands that influence the breeding bird assemblages in the forests at the functional group and individual species levels. Based on decision tree modelling, our results showed that the density of trees larger than 30 cm DBH was an overall important variable, indicating that large-diameter trees were essential to provide diverse bird communities. The total abundance of birds, the foliage-gleaners, primary and secondary cavity nesters, residents, and five specific bird species were related to the density of high trunk diameter trees. The abundance of shrub nesters was negatively influenced by a high density of trees over 10 cm DBH. The density of the shrub layer positively affected total bird abundance and the abundance of foliage gleaners, secondary cavity nesters and residents. Analysis of the co-dominant tree species showed that the presence of linden, beech, and hornbeam was important in influencing the abundance of various bird species, e.g., Eurasian Treecreeper (Certhia familiaris), Marsh Tit (Poecile palustris) and Wood Warbler (Phylloscopus sibilatrix). Our results indicated that large trees, high tree diversity, and dense shrub layer were essential for forest bird communities and are critical targets for protection to maintain diverse and abundant bird communities in oak-dominated forest habitats.

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高大、大直径的树木和茂密的灌木层是决定橡树为主的森林中鸟类群落的数量和组成的关键因素
摘要 越来越多的人类活动正在改变森林结构,从而影响包括鸟类在内的群落组成。然而,人们对决定欧洲温带橡树林鸟类群落丰富程度的关键森林结构变量知之甚少。因此,我们在匈牙利中山区 11 个以橡树为主的森林地点的 86 个调查点进行了调查,旨在找出这些栖息地中有助于设计森林保护管理策略的关键变量,以揭示不同林分组成和结构变量在功能群和物种个体层面上对森林中繁殖鸟类群落的影响。基于决策树建模,我们的结果表明,DBH大于30厘米的树木密度是一个重要的总体变量,这表明大直径树木对于提供多样化的鸟类群落至关重要。鸟类的总数量、观叶鸟、主要和次要穴居鸟、留鸟以及五种特定鸟类都与高树干直径树木的密度有关。灌木巢栖鸟类的数量受到 DBH 超过 10 厘米的高密度树木的负面影响。灌木层的密度对鸟类的总数量以及拾叶鸟、次要穴居鸟和留鸟的数量有积极影响。对共优势树种的分析表明,椴树、榉树和角豆树的存在对各种鸟类的数量有重要影响,如欧亚食树鸟(Certhia familiaris)、沼泽山雀(Poecile palustris)和木莺(Phylloscopus sibilatrix)。我们的研究结果表明,大树、高树种多样性和茂密的灌木层对森林鸟类群落至关重要,也是在以橡树为主的森林栖息地中保持多样化和丰富的鸟类群落的关键保护目标。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.30
自引率
3.30%
发文量
2538
期刊介绍: The Journal of Forestry Research (JFR), founded in 1990, is a peer-reviewed quarterly journal in English. JFR has rapidly emerged as an international journal published by Northeast Forestry University and Ecological Society of China in collaboration with Springer Verlag. The journal publishes scientific articles related to forestry for a broad range of international scientists, forest managers and practitioners.The scope of the journal covers the following five thematic categories and 20 subjects: Basic Science of Forestry, Forest biometrics, Forest soils, Forest hydrology, Tree physiology, Forest biomass, carbon, and bioenergy, Forest biotechnology and molecular biology, Forest Ecology, Forest ecology, Forest ecological services, Restoration ecology, Forest adaptation to climate change, Wildlife ecology and management, Silviculture and Forest Management, Forest genetics and tree breeding, Silviculture, Forest RS, GIS, and modeling, Forest management, Forest Protection, Forest entomology and pathology, Forest fire, Forest resources conservation, Forest health monitoring and assessment, Wood Science and Technology, Wood Science and Technology.
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