No evidence tube entrapment distresses rodents in typical empathy tests

IF 1.9 2区 生物学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Animal Cognition Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI:10.1007/s10071-024-01863-9
Dwi Atmoko Agung Nugroho, Sri Kusrohmaniah, Emma Pilz, Clare Krikorian, David Kearns, Burton Slotnick, Maria Gomez, Alan Silberberg
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Abstract

In the first two experiments an empty tube open at one end was placed in different locations. Male hamsters, tested one at a time, tended to stay close to the tube or in it. During the first minute of the first 4 sessions of Experiment 3, the hamster was unrestrained. If it entered the tube, it was locked within the tube. If it did not enter the tube during the first min, it was placed in it, and the tube was locked. Fifteen min later, the tube was opened, and the hamster was unrestrained for a further 20 min. The tube remained open during Session 5. Hamsters spent more time near the tube than predicted by chance and continued to enter the tube although tube-occupancy duration did not differ from chance levels. In Experiment 4, male rats were tested in two groups: rats in one group had been previously trapped in a tube and rats in the other group allowed to freely explore the test space. For the first two min of each of four 20-min sessions, trapped-group subjects were permitted to move about the chamber unless they entered the tube. In that case, they were locked in for the remainder of the session. If, after two min, they did not enter the tube, they were locked in it for the remaining 18 min. Free rats were unrestricted in all sessions. In Session 5, when both groups were permitted to move freely in the chamber, trapped and free rats spent more time in and near the tube than predicted by chance. These data show tube restraint does not seem to distress either hamsters or rats.

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在典型的移情测试中,没有证据表明管子被夹住会使啮齿动物感到痛苦。
在前两次实验中,一根一端开口的空管被放置在不同的位置。每次测试一只雄性仓鼠,雄性仓鼠倾向于靠近管子或呆在管子里。在实验 3 前 4 个环节的前一分钟,仓鼠是不受约束的。如果它进入管子,就会被锁在管子里。如果仓鼠在第一分钟内没有进入试管,则将其放入试管内,试管被锁定。15 分钟后,管子被打开,仓鼠在接下来的 20 分钟内不受约束。在第 5 个环节中,管子一直是打开的。仓鼠在管子附近逗留的时间比偶然预测的要长,并且继续进入管子,尽管管子占用时间与偶然水平没有差异。在实验 4 中,雄性大鼠被分成两组进行测试:一组的大鼠之前被困在管子里,另一组的大鼠被允许自由探索测试空间。在四个 20 分钟的测试过程中,每个测试过程的前两分钟,被困组受试者都可以在测试室中活动,除非他们进入管子。在这种情况下,他们会在剩余的时间里被关在里面。如果两分钟后它们没有进入管子,则会在剩余的 18 分钟内被关在管子里。自由大鼠在所有环节中都不受限制。在第 5 个环节中,当两组大鼠都被允许在室内自由活动时,被困大鼠和自由大鼠在管道内和管道附近花费的时间比偶然预测的要多。这些数据表明,束缚管似乎不会使仓鼠或大鼠感到不安。
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来源期刊
Animal Cognition
Animal Cognition 生物-动物学
CiteScore
4.50
自引率
18.50%
发文量
125
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Animal Cognition is an interdisciplinary journal offering current research from many disciplines (ethology, behavioral ecology, animal behavior and learning, cognitive sciences, comparative psychology and evolutionary psychology) on all aspects of animal (and human) cognition in an evolutionary framework. Animal Cognition publishes original empirical and theoretical work, reviews, methods papers, short communications and correspondence on the mechanisms and evolution of biologically rooted cognitive-intellectual structures. The journal explores animal time perception and use; causality detection; innate reaction patterns and innate bases of learning; numerical competence and frequency expectancies; symbol use; communication; problem solving, animal thinking and use of tools, and the modularity of the mind.
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