Occurrence and concentrations of traditional and emerging contaminants in onsite wastewater systems and water supply wells in eastern North Carolina, USA.

IF 2.5 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Journal of water and health Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-04 DOI:10.2166/wh.2024.299
Charles P Humphrey, Guy Iverson, Eli Hvastkovs, Sushama Pradhan
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Abstract

Onsite wastewater treatment systems (OWTSs) and private wells are commonly used in Eastern North Carolina, USA. Water from private wells is not required to be tested after the initial startup, and thus persons using these wells may experience negative health outcomes if their water is contaminated with waste-related pollutants including bacteria, nitrate or synthetic chemicals such as hexafluoropropylne oxide dimer acid and its ammonium salt (GenX). Water samples from 18 sites with OWTSs and groundwater wells were collected for nitrate, Escherichia coli (E. coli), total coliform, and GenX concentration analyses. Results showed that none of the 18 water supplies were positive for E. coli, nitrate concentrations were all below the maximum contaminant level of 10 mg L-1, and one well had 1 MPN 100 mL-1 of total coliform. However, GenX was detected in wastewater collected from all 18 septic tanks and 22% of the water supplies tested had concentrations that exceeded the health advisory levels for GenX. Water supplies with low concentrations of traditionally tested for pollutants (nitrate, E. coli) may still pose health risks due to elevated concentrations of emerging contaminants like GenX and thus more comprehensive and routine water testing is suggested for this and similar persistent compounds.

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美国北卡罗来纳州东部现场废水系统和供水井中传统污染物和新兴污染物的出现和浓度。
在美国北卡罗来纳州东部,现场废水处理系统 (OWTS) 和私人水井被普遍使用。私人水井的水在初次启动后不需要进行检测,因此,如果水受到与废物有关的污染物(包括细菌、硝酸盐或合成化学品,如六氟丙烯氧化物二聚酸及其铵盐(GenX))的污染,使用这些水井的人可能会受到不利的健康影响。从 18 个有 OWTS 和地下水井的地点采集了水样,进行硝酸盐、大肠杆菌(E. coli)、总大肠菌群和 GenX 浓度分析。结果表明,18 个供水点的大肠杆菌均未呈阳性,硝酸盐浓度均低于 10 毫克/升的最大污染物含量,其中一口井的总大肠菌群含量为 1 MPN 100 毫升/升。不过,从所有 18 个化粪池收集的废水中都检测到了 GenX,22% 的受测水源中的 GenX 浓度超过了健康警告水平。传统检测污染物(硝酸盐、大肠杆菌)浓度较低的水源仍可能因 GenX 等新出现的污染物浓度升高而对健康造成危害,因此建议对该污染物及类似的持久性化合物进行更全面的常规水检测。
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来源期刊
Journal of water and health
Journal of water and health 环境科学-环境科学
CiteScore
3.60
自引率
8.70%
发文量
110
审稿时长
18-36 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Water and Health is a peer-reviewed journal devoted to the dissemination of information on the health implications and control of waterborne microorganisms and chemical substances in the broadest sense for developing and developed countries worldwide. This is to include microbial toxins, chemical quality and the aesthetic qualities of water.
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