ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS OF THE NEW ORDER PERIOD AND ITS INFLUENCE ON INDUSTRIALIZATION IN INDONESIA

Surya Aymanda Nababan, Aditya Darma, Yushar Tanjung
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Abstract

The development of the New Order era, or what is usually called the New Order Era, is the term for the reign of General Soeharto, which replaced the Old Order, which refers to the era of Soekarno's reign. The New Order lasted from 1966 to 1998 and was marked by rapid economic development but also by practices of corruption, nepotism, and suppression of human rights. The New Order emerged as a result of the political and economic instability experienced by Indonesia during the Old Order. After the military coup that overthrew Sukarno's government, During the New Order era, there were several significant changes in the Indonesian economy. Political Stability. One aspect that was considered positive during the New Order period was the political stability that was created after a period of political and economic crisis at the end of Sukarno's reign, marked by transformation. significant economy, with a primary focus on industrial development as a pillar of economic growth. The policy of opening up to foreign investment became a characteristic of this era, influencing the structure of industrial ownership and having an impact on the industrialization process. This article discusses economic changes during the New Order era and their impact on the industrial sector in Indonesia. The New Order government pursued industrial infrastructure development, encouraged modernization, and prioritized export-oriented industrial sectors. Despite positive achievements, criticism of the unequal distribution of wealth and environmental impacts is highlighted. Dependence on foreign investment and foreign technology also creates its own challenges. In this context, this research outlines the economic dynamics and role of industrialization during the New Order period, highlighting its positive and negative consequences for industrial development in Indonesia.
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新秩序时期的经济发展及其对印度尼西亚工业化的影响
新秩序时代的发展,或通常所说的新秩序时代,是苏哈托将军统治时期的总称,它取代了旧秩序,旧秩序指的是苏加诺统治时期。新秩序从 1966 年持续到 1998 年,其特点是经济快速发展,但也存在腐败、任人唯亲和压制人权的做法。新秩序的出现是旧秩序时期印尼政治和经济不稳定的结果。在推翻苏加诺政府的军事政变之后,印尼经济在新秩序时期发生了一些重大变化。政治稳定。新秩序时期被认为具有积极意义的一个方面是,在苏加诺统治末期的政治和经济危机之后,政治稳定得以建立,其标志是经济转型。向外国投资开放的政策成为这个时代的特征,影响了工业所有权结构,并对工业化进程产生了影响。本文将讨论新秩序时期的经济变革及其对印尼工业部门的影响。新秩序政府致力于发展工业基础设施,鼓励现代化,并优先发展出口导向型工业部门。尽管取得了积极的成就,但对财富分配不均和环境影响的批评也凸显出来。对外国投资和外国技术的依赖也带来了挑战。在此背景下,本研究概述了新秩序时期工业化的经济动态和作用,强调了其对印尼工业发展的积极和消极影响。
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