Nutritional Health Connection of Algae and its Pharmaceutical Value as Anticancer and Antioxidant Constituents of Drugs

Abstract

The marine environment is one of the major biomass producers of algae and seaweed; it is rich in functional ingredients or active metabolites with valuable nutritional health effects. Algal Metabolites derived from the cultivation of both microalgae and macroalgae may positively impact human health, offering physiological, pharmaceutical and nutritional benefits. Microalgae have been widely used as novel sources of bioactive substances. Bioactive polymers extracted from algae, such as algal fucans, Galatians, alginates phenolics, carotenoids, vitamin B12, and peptides possess antioxidant, anticoagulant, antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergy, anticancer, and hypocholesterolemic properties. It emphasizes that using marine-derived compounds with bioactive properties as functional food ingredients may help promote human health and prevent chronic diseases. Utilizing bioactive compounds has demonstrated notable advantages in terms of effectiveness more than conventional treatments and therapies currently in use. Despite the availability of numerous microalgae-derived products catering to human health and nutrition in the market, there remains a lack of social acceptance and awareness regarding the health benefits of microalgae. Hence, this review aims to offer a comprehensive account of the current knowledge on anticancers, antioxidants, commercially available edible algal products and therapeutics isolated from algae.