Gastric accommodation: pathogenetic role and clinical significance

Abstract

The article presents a literature review of modern Russian and foreign publications devoted to the study of gastric accommodation. It has been shown that accommodation of the proximal stomach plays an important role in its adaptation to food intake. This process is carried out in two stages with the participation of parasympathetic and paracrine regulation; the effects of nutrients when they enter the duodenum also play an important role. Methods for assessing gastric accommodation include gastric barostat, gastric scintigraphy with food load, drinking tests, single-photon emission computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound examination of the stomach, intragastric manometry. Violation of gastric accommodation leads to an excessive increase in intragastric pressure and the occurrence of symptoms most often found in functional dyspepsia, gastroesophageal reflux disease and diabetic gastropathy. Approaches to the treatment of gastric accommodation disorders are at the development stage, the possibilities of diet therapy, pharmacological and non-drug correction are being discussed.