{"title":"In vitro cholinesterase, lipoxygenase inhibition evaluation of rosemary and coriander essential oil nanoemulsion and characterisation","authors":"Nursenem Karaca , Fatih Demirci","doi":"10.1016/j.hermed.2024.100874","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The low water solubility, high volatility, and instability of essential oils limit the application of various formulations, which can be managed by essential oils nanoemulsions. In this present study, <em>in vitro</em> anti-inflammatory and anticholinesterase activities were evaluated by designing nanoemulsions of rosemary and coriander essential oils with their combinations.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The chemistry of <em>Rosmarinus officinalis</em> L. (Rosemary, Lamiaceae) and <em>Coriandrum sativum</em> L. (Coriander, Apiaceae) essential oils was confirmed by GC-FID and GC/MS methods. Oil-in-Water (O/W) emulsions of essential oils and their 1:1 (w:w) combination were prepared by water titration. The essential oil/tween 20 ratio of the emulsions were 1:9, 2:8, and 3:7 (w:w) respectively. Characterisation studies were performed by measuring the droplet size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, and viscosity of the emulsions. Also, resistance to centrifugation, freezing, and heating was determined as part of the stability tests. Anti-inflammatory effects of the essential oils and emulsions were determined by <em>in vitro</em> 5-Lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibition. In addition, <em>in vitro</em> Acetylcholinesterase and Butyrylcholinesterase (AChE and BuChE) effects were evaluated.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The rosemary (1,8-cineole; 44.1%), coriander (linalool; 74.9%) essential oils, and their nanoemulsion formulations prepared were observed as stable. The anti-inflammatory activity of coriander essential oil was relatively increased by nanoemulsion preparations. However, there was no significant difference in the cholinesterase inhibition effects, when compared. To the best of our knowledge this is the first combination study of bioactivity evaluation of rosemary and coriander nanoemulsion preparations.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Rosemary and coriander essential oil nano emulsifications is a promising application for increasing stability and biological activity as well.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56077,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Herbal Medicine","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2210803324000319","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"INTEGRATIVE & COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Introduction
The low water solubility, high volatility, and instability of essential oils limit the application of various formulations, which can be managed by essential oils nanoemulsions. In this present study, in vitro anti-inflammatory and anticholinesterase activities were evaluated by designing nanoemulsions of rosemary and coriander essential oils with their combinations.
Methods
The chemistry of Rosmarinus officinalis L. (Rosemary, Lamiaceae) and Coriandrum sativum L. (Coriander, Apiaceae) essential oils was confirmed by GC-FID and GC/MS methods. Oil-in-Water (O/W) emulsions of essential oils and their 1:1 (w:w) combination were prepared by water titration. The essential oil/tween 20 ratio of the emulsions were 1:9, 2:8, and 3:7 (w:w) respectively. Characterisation studies were performed by measuring the droplet size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, and viscosity of the emulsions. Also, resistance to centrifugation, freezing, and heating was determined as part of the stability tests. Anti-inflammatory effects of the essential oils and emulsions were determined by in vitro 5-Lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibition. In addition, in vitro Acetylcholinesterase and Butyrylcholinesterase (AChE and BuChE) effects were evaluated.
Results
The rosemary (1,8-cineole; 44.1%), coriander (linalool; 74.9%) essential oils, and their nanoemulsion formulations prepared were observed as stable. The anti-inflammatory activity of coriander essential oil was relatively increased by nanoemulsion preparations. However, there was no significant difference in the cholinesterase inhibition effects, when compared. To the best of our knowledge this is the first combination study of bioactivity evaluation of rosemary and coriander nanoemulsion preparations.
Conclusion
Rosemary and coriander essential oil nano emulsifications is a promising application for increasing stability and biological activity as well.
期刊介绍：
The Journal of Herbal Medicine, the official journal of the National Institute of Medical Herbalists, is a peer reviewed journal which aims to serve its readers as an authoritative resource on the profession and practice of herbal medicine. The content areas of the journal reflect the interests of Medical Herbalists and other health professionals interested in the clinical and professional application of botanical medicines. The objective is to strengthen the research and educational base of herbal medicine with research papers in the form of case studies, original research articles and reviews, monographs, clinical trials and relevant in vitro studies. It also publishes policy statements, opinion pieces, book reviews, conference proceedings and profession related information such as pharmacovigilance reports providing an information source for not only the Herbal Practitioner but any Health professional with an interest in phytotherapy.
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