Intergenerational Mobility in South Asia

South Asia Economic Journal Pub Date : 2024-02-27 DOI:10.1177/13915614241226538

Zanbaz Ahmed Khan, Biswajit Patra

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Abstract

This article analyses the movement of intergenerational mobility (IGM) in South Asia from birth cohorts comprising 1950–1980 using the World Bank’s data on IGM. The article compares the IGM movements across countries to account for the causal factors of the IGM. Exploratory data analysis and Bayesian regression have been used in this study for empirical analysis. We note that in the past three decades, the share of primary parental education in South Asia constitutes 79% of the total, while the children who achieved the highest level of education constitute only 10%. Children in Sri Lanka have been enrolled in school for the greatest number of years, but the absolute IGM in India is greater than Sri Lanka. Bhutan lags in average years of educational attainment, yet their relative mobility surpasses every country in South Asia. The likelihood that Pakistani children’s status shall be independent of their parental status is as low as 20%. Despite variation in parental education, absolute IGM in India is highest in South Asia. Variation in parental education reduces the degree of independence in the next generation. Relative measure of mobility is a better indicator of social mobility than the absolute measure. JEL Codes: I21, I24, I28, J24, J62, N35

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南亚的代际流动

本文利用世界银行的代际流动数据，从 1950-1980 年的出生组群出发，分析了南亚地区代际流动（IGM）的变化情况。文章比较了各国的代际流动情况，以解释代际流动的因果因素。本研究采用探索性数据分析和贝叶斯回归法进行实证分析。我们注意到，在过去三十年中，南亚父母接受初等教育的比例占总数的 79%，而达到最高教育水平的儿童仅占 10%。斯里兰卡儿童的入学年限最长，但印度的 IGM 绝对值高于斯里兰卡。不丹的平均受教育年限较低，但其相对流动性却超过了南亚所有国家。巴基斯坦儿童的地位独立于其父母地位的可能性低至 20%。尽管父母教育程度不同，但印度的绝对 IGM 是南亚最高的。父母教育的差异降低了下一代的独立程度。相对流动性指标比绝对流动性指标更能反映社会流动性。JEL Codes：I21, I24, I28, J24, J62, N35

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来源期刊

South Asia Economic Journal Economics, Econometrics and Finance-Economics, Econometrics and Finance (all)

CiteScore

1.10

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0.00%

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期刊介绍： The South Asian nations have progressively liberalized their economies in recent years in an effort to integrate with the world economy. They have also taken steps to enhance multilateral and regional economic integration. Even though the South Asian economies have grown at an average rate of more than 5 per cent over the last few years, roughly 40 per cent of their people still live below the poverty line. Hence, the South Asian region continues to face many challenges of economic and social development. The South Asia Economic Journal (SAEJ) is designed as a forum for informed debate on these issues, which are of vital importance to the people of the region who comprise one-sixth of the world’s population. The peer-reviewed journal is devoted to economic analysis and policy options aimed at promoting cooperation among the countries comprising South Asia. It also discusses South Asia’s position on global economic issues, its relations with other regional groupings and its response to global developments. We also welcome contributions to inter-disciplinary analysis on South Asia. As a refereed journal, SAEJ carries articles by scholars, economic commentators,policy-makers and officials, from both the private and public sectors. Our aim is to create a vibrant research space to explore the multidimensional economic issues of concern to scholars working on South Asia. Among the issues debated in relation to South Asia are: - the implications of global economic trends; - the issues and challenges by WTO; - approaches to industrialization and development; - the role of regional institutions such as the SAARC; - the relationship between SAARC and other regional economic groupings such as ASEAN; - the implications of economic liberalization for trade and investment in the region; - new initiatives that can be launched to enhance economic cooperation among the South Asian countries both on a bilateral and a regional basis.