Reviu Pelingkupan: Alergen Dan Resiko Zoonosis Pada Serangga Konsumsi (Edible Insect)

Abstract

As the human population is expected to reach 9 billion by 2050, demand for animal-based foods will rise by 70-80% between 2012 and 2050. This dilemma coexists with a lack of resources and climate change. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) emphasizes the importance of using alternative protein sources, such as insects. Entomophagy, or the act of eating insects, is well recognized in many parts of the world, yet food safety of edible insects is still not a concern. This review focuses on the allergen substances of insects. The review was conducted utilizing the Prisma Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) approach. A literature search was conducted on five databases: Google Scholar, Semantic Scholar, Science Direct, Wiley Online Library, and MDPI, with keywords “edible insect allergy” dan “edible insect zoonosis”. Total 29 articles were found, and after filtering, 6 research articles were matched with the inclusion criteria. In conclusion, the allergens most commonly found in insects are arginine kinase and tropomyosin, which may cause cross-reactivity with other arthropods. Some of the parasite found in farm edible insects are pathogenic to human, thus it seems that this novel food imposes the same challenges with conventional livestock farming.