“I Let Him Have It”: Sex, Anti-Americanism, and Criminal Justice in Wartime Brisbane, 1942–44

IF 0.6 4区 社会学 Q1 HISTORY Australian Journal of Politics and History Pub Date : 2024-01-29 DOI:10.1111/ajph.12925
Paul Bleakley
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Abstract

With combat in Second World War shifting to the Pacific region after the 1941 Japanese attack on Pearl Harbour, the Allied General Headquarters was established in Brisbane, Australia, in July 1942. American military personnel in wartime Brisbane were subject to a two-tier criminal justice system, with the US military claiming extraterritorial jurisdiction over all crimes committed by American troops in Australia. In practical terms, this meant that American soldiers rarely faced local justice, which contributed to existing tensions between the American contingent and the Australian public. Although Americans accused of crimes were typically transferred to US custody, this jurisdictional arrangement did not extend to cases where Americans were victims of crimes allegedly committed by Australians. This article draws on extensive historical research to examine one such case, wherein American soldier Robert L. Norwood was killed by Australian Alma Muriel Morgan. By focussing on this case from the investigatory phase, and through the court process, it is possible to garner insight into the American experience with the Queensland legal system during the Second World War and to consider whether anti-American tensions (particularly around sex) unduly impacted on securing justice where Americans were victims of crime.

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"我让他得逞了1942-44年战时布里斯班的性、反美主义和刑事司法
1941 年日本偷袭珍珠港后,第二次世界大战的战场转移到太平洋地区,盟军总司令部于 1942 年 7 月在澳大利亚布里斯班成立。战时布里斯班的美军人员受到两级刑事司法系统的管辖,美军声称对驻澳大利亚美军犯下的所有罪行拥有治外法权。实际上,这意味着美国士兵很少面对当地司法,这加剧了美国特遣队与澳大利亚公众之间的紧张关系。尽管被指控犯罪的美国人通常会被移交给美国关押,但这一管辖权安排并没有延伸到美国人成为澳大利亚人所犯罪行受害者的案件中。本文通过大量的历史研究,对美国士兵罗伯特-诺伍德 (Robert L. Norwood) 被澳大利亚人阿尔玛-穆里尔-摩根 (Alma Muriel Morgan) 杀害的案件进行了研究。通过对该案件从调查阶段到法庭审理过程的关注,可以深入了解第二次世界大战期间美国人在昆士兰州法律体系中的经历,并思考反美紧张关系(尤其是与性有关的紧张关系)是否对美国人作为犯罪受害者的司法保障产生了不当影响。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.60
自引率
12.50%
发文量
59
期刊介绍: The Australian Journal of Politics and History presents papers addressing significant problems of general interest to those working in the fields of history, political studies and international affairs. Articles explore the politics and history of Australia and modern Europe, intellectual history, political history, and the history of political thought. The journal also publishes articles in the fields of international politics, Australian foreign policy, and Australia relations with the countries of the Asia-Pacific region.
期刊最新文献
Issue Information Issue Information Western Australia July to December 2023 Commonwealth of Australia July to December 2023 Issues in Australian Foreign Policy July to December 2023
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