The representation of Africa as a geography of disease: how the global north media reporting of the monkeypox virus reinforce stereotypes about Africa

Anastasia Ngozi Iwuagwu
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Abstract

This paper examines how the international media reporting on the monkeypox epidemic reinforces stereotypes about Africa and what this means for Africa in global power relations. How European and Western media depict Africa in their reporting of an epidemic creates and reinforces power dynamics and political bias along the lines of Africa being portrayed as a diseased-poor continent. The effect of these global inequalities is evident in the travel ban policies and the unequal distribution of vaccines. The concepts of hegemony, stigma, and labeling theory were used as theoretical approaches to analyze how foreign media hegemony creates and reinforces stereotypes about Africa through media reporting of an epidemic like the 2022 monkeypox virus. Online publications and tweets by Western and European media outlets were used as data to analyze foreign media hegemony while reporting the monkeypox outbreak in Europe and North America. As a counter-hegemony, African journalists reacted to foreign media agencies using African images to report disease outbreaks in the Global North. The conclusion and recommendation of this paper call for investment in African journalism to help Africa tell their own story and for African literature and researchers from Africa to contribute to global biomedical literature.
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非洲作为疾病地域的表征:全球北方媒体对猴痘病毒的报道如何强化对非洲的成见
本文探讨了国际媒体对猴痘疫情的报道如何强化了人们对非洲的成见,以及这对非洲在全球权力关系中的意义。欧洲和西方媒体在报道疫情时是如何描述非洲的,这创造并强化了权力动态和政治偏见,将非洲描绘成一个疾病缠身的贫穷大陆。这些全球不平等现象的影响在旅行禁令政策和疫苗的不平等分配中显而易见。霸权、污名化和标签理论等概念被用作分析外国媒体霸权如何通过媒体对 2022 年猴痘病毒等流行病的报道来制造和强化对非洲的刻板印象的理论方法。以西方和欧洲媒体的在线出版物和推文为数据,分析了外国媒体在报道欧洲和北美猴痘疫情时的霸权行为。作为对霸权的反击,非洲记者对外国媒体机构使用非洲形象报道全球北方疾病爆发做出了反应。本文的结论和建议呼吁对非洲新闻业进行投资,帮助非洲讲述自己的故事,并呼吁非洲文学和来自非洲的研究人员为全球生物医学文献做出贡献。
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