Association of Hypocalcemia with In-Hospital Outcomes in Patients with Heart Failure

Abstract

Objective: To determine the association of hypocalcemia with in-hospital outcomes in terms of in-hospital mortality in patients with heart failure. Methodology: This descriptive Study was done at department of Cardiology, LUMHS, Jamshoro, from March 2022 to March 2023. Patients aged 18 to 80 years old both genders, patients who were present with heart failure were included. Baseline investigations, including serum calcium levels, were performed, with hypocalcemia defined as serum calcium levels <8.7mg/dL. Patients were then categorized based on the presence or absence of hypocalcemia and assessed for in-hospital mortality. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 24.0. Results: The mean age of the patients was 63.84 years with a standard deviation of 15.55 years and mean serum calcium level was 8.80 mg/dL. Among the patients, 69.4% were male and 30.6% were female. Among patients of heart failure, the in-Hospital mortality was 18.3%. The overall frequency of hypocalcemia in patients with heart failure was 19.40%. Among patients how died during hospital stay, 2.6% had hypocalcemia, while 16.8% were died without hypocalcemia, the p-value 0.316 indicated that the association of hypocalcemia was statistically insignificant (p-0.316). The P-values for gender and diabetes mellitus were significant (<0.05), indicating a correlation between these factors and hypocalcemia, while age and hypertension showed insignificant associations with hypocalcemia (>0.05).