El impacto positivo de los Sistemas Integrados Agro-acuícolas en el Objetivo para el Desarrollo Sostenible 6- Agua limpia y Saneamiento

Abstract

The current state of the 9 planetary boundaries coupled with the growth rate of the world population has alerted us to reconsider how resources are used to meet food demand through sustainable agro-industrial systems. With only 0.01% of the world's total volume, freshwater plays a fundamental role in the stability and functioning of any biosystem. The inadequate handling of this extremely valuable resource has caused its operating space to be on the threshold of safety and is about to enter the zone of uncertainty. The actions presented by the United Nations in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development are a strategy to reduce and correct some of these interrelated problems. Objective 6 of this document - Clean Water and Sanitation - seeks to guarantee the availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all, however, this has not yet been fulfilled. Therefore, it is essential to continue exhausting proposals for possible solutions to these issues. Aquaponics, a sustainable food production system, is based on the upcycling of water, the reuse of nutrients, and the reduction of wastewater in an organic sense. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to analyze the benefits that can be obtained from the use of aquaponic systems to partially accelerate the fulfillment of objectives 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, and 6.a in improving water quality by reducing pollution, eliminating landfills, and minimizing the release of harmful products, halving the proportion of untreated wastewater and substantially increasing recycling and safe reuse.