Paleolithic diet as a potential dietary management option for type 2 diabetes: A scoping review

IF 1.9 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Human Nutrition and Metabolism Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI:10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200264

Ruolin Yan , Jimmy Chun Yu Louie

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Abstract

Background and aims

Despite its prevalence in the media, uncertainty surrounds the effectiveness of the paleolithic diet for the management of type 2 diabetes. Our scoping review aims to assess the efficacy of the paleolithic diet in managing body weight, glycemia, and lipidemia in comparison to recommended diets for type 2 diabetes management.

Methods and results

We conducted searches in Medline, Scopus, Embase, and CINAHL to identify pertinent randomized controlled trials up to Mar 2024. Our review incorporated 3 reports from 2 randomized controlled trials involving 37 Caucasian participants. Comparative analysis of the paleolithic diet against recommended diabetic diets revealed encouraging outcomes, manifesting in the improvement of glycemic and lipid profiles in type 2 diabetes patients. However, there were mixed results in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels.

Conclusions

Paleolithic diet hints at potentially favorable effects on type 2 diabetes, but evidence is severely limited. Rigorously designed larger trials evaluating distinct paleolithic diets on clinical outcomes while monitoring safety and feasibility are critically needed before making recommendations.

Registration

This scoping review has been registered at https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero as CRD42021226788.

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将旧石器时代饮食作为治疗 2 型糖尿病的潜在饮食管理方案：范围综述

背景和目的尽管旧石器时代饮食在媒体上很常见，但其对 2 型糖尿病的治疗效果仍存在不确定性。我们的范围综述旨在评估与 2 型糖尿病管理推荐饮食相比，旧石器时代饮食在控制体重、血糖和脂质血症方面的功效。我们的综述纳入了来自 2 项随机对照试验的 3 份报告，这些试验涉及 37 名白种人。将旧石器时代饮食与推荐的糖尿病饮食进行比较分析，结果令人鼓舞，2 型糖尿病患者的血糖和血脂状况得到改善。然而，在高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和甘油三酯水平方面，结果不一。在提出建议之前，亟需进行严格设计的大型试验，评估不同的旧石器时代饮食对临床结果的影响，同时监测其安全性和可行性。注册本范围界定综述已在 https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero 注册，编号为 CRD42021226788。

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