A tale of a threshing machine: Images of the Voigt-Leibniz mathematical-agricultural machine at the beginning of the 18th century

IF 1.4 2区 哲学 Q1 HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2024-04-15 DOI:10.1016/j.shpsa.2024.01.005
Michael Friedman
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Abstract

This paper examines how a certain threshing machine was developed and improved by Jobst Heinrich Voigt and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz between 1699 and 1700. While this machine was based on various mechanical principles and instruments, including the pinned drum mechanism first noted by Georg Philipp Harsdörffer, it was later reconceptualized as a ‘mathematical’ machine. I claim that such a positioning was not unique to this machine, but part of a wider movement during the 18th century that considered various artisanal instruments as mathematical, as well as agricultural and artisanal knowledge as scientific. Examining the development and subsequent reception of this machine, I show that during the first decades of the 18th century these conceptions gave rise to a double image of this machine, and hence of agricultural knowledge in general: on the one hand, this machine was considered as more efficient and productive (while still in need of improvement); on the other hand, it was viewed, either implicitly or explicitly, as something that should be studied by mathematicians, thus reflecting a changing image of mathematics.

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脱粒机的故事18 世纪初福伊特-莱布尼兹数学农业机器的图像
本文探讨了约布斯特-海因里希-沃伊特和戈特弗里德-威廉-莱布尼茨如何在 1699 年至 1700 年间开发和改进了某种脱粒机。虽然这台机器基于各种机械原理和工具,包括格奥尔格-菲利普-哈尔斯多尔弗(Georg Philipp Harsdörffer)首先注意到的钉鼓机制,但后来它被重新概念化为一台 "数学 "机器。我认为,这种定位并非这台机器所独有,而是 18 世纪一场更广泛运动的一部分,这场运动将各种手工工具视为数学工具,将农业和手工知识视为科学知识。通过对这台机器的发展和后续接受情况的研究,我发现在 18 世纪的头几十年里,这些观念给这台机器,进而给农业知识带来了双重形象:一方面,这台机器被认为更有效率、更有生产力(尽管仍需改进);另一方面,它被或明或暗地视为应由数学家研究的东西,从而反映了数学形象的变化。
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来源期刊
Studies in History and Philosophy of Science
Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 管理科学-科学史与科学哲学
CiteScore
2.50
自引率
10.00%
发文量
166
审稿时长
6.6 weeks
期刊介绍: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science is devoted to the integrated study of the history, philosophy and sociology of the sciences. The editors encourage contributions both in the long-established areas of the history of the sciences and the philosophy of the sciences and in the topical areas of historiography of the sciences, the sciences in relation to gender, culture and society and the sciences in relation to arts. The Journal is international in scope and content and publishes papers from a wide range of countries and cultural traditions.
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