Impact of FADS genotype on polyunsaturated fatty acid content in human milk extracellular vesicles: A genetic association study

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition Pub Date : 2024-04-02 DOI:10.1002/jpen.2628

John J. Miklavcic PhD, Natalie Paterson MS, Jennifer Hahn-Holbrook PhD, Laura Glynn PhD

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Abstract

Background

Extracellular vesicles in human milk are critical in supporting newborn growth and development. Bioavailability of dietary extracellular vesicles may depend on the composition of membrane lipids. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the fatty acid desaturase gene cluster impact the content of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in human milk phospholipids. This study investigated the relation between variation in FADS1 and FADS2 with the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in extracellular vesicles from human milk.

Methods

Milk was obtained from a cohort of mothers (N = 70) at 2–4 weeks of lactation. SNPs in the FADS gene locus were determined using pyrosequencing for rs174546 in FADS1 and rs174575 in FADS2. Quantitative lipidomic analysis of polyunsaturated fatty acids in human milk and extracellular vesicles from human milk was completed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry.

Results

The rs174546 and rs174575 genotypes were independent predictors of the arachidonic acid content in extracellular vesicles. The rs174546 genotype also predicted eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid in extracellular vesicles. The reduced content of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in extracellular vesicles in human milk may be due to lower fatty acid desaturase activity in mothers who are carriers of the A allele in rs174546 or the G allele in rs174575.

Conclusion

The polyunsaturated fatty acid composition of milk extracellular vesicles is predicted by the FADS genotype. These findings yield novel insights regarding extracellular vesicle content and composition that can inform the design of future research to explore how lipid metabolites impact the bioavailability of human milk extracellular vesicles.

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FADS 基因型对人奶细胞外囊泡中多不饱和脂肪酸含量的影响：遗传关联研究

背景人乳中的细胞外囊泡对支持新生儿的生长和发育至关重要。膳食细胞外囊泡的生物利用率可能取决于膜脂质的组成。脂肪酸去饱和酶基因簇中的单核苷酸多态性（SNPs）会影响母乳磷脂中长链多不饱和脂肪酸的含量。本研究调查了 FADS1 和 FADS2 的变异与母乳细胞外囊泡中多不饱和脂肪酸含量之间的关系。使用热释光测序法测定了 FADS 基因位点的 SNPs：FADS1 中的 rs174546 和 FADS2 中的 rs174575。结果 rs174546 和 rs174575 基因型是细胞外囊泡中花生四烯酸含量的独立预测因子。rs174546基因型还能预测细胞外囊泡中二十碳五烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸的含量。人类乳汁细胞外囊泡中长链多不饱和脂肪酸含量的降低可能是由于携带 rs174546 中 A 等位基因或 rs174575 中 G 等位基因的母亲体内脂肪酸去饱和酶活性较低所致。这些发现提供了有关细胞外囊泡含量和组成的新见解，可为未来研究设计提供参考，以探索脂质代谢物如何影响人乳细胞外囊泡的生物利用度。

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来源期刊

Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition 医学-营养学

CiteScore

7.80

自引率

8.80%

发文量

161

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： The Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (JPEN) is the premier scientific journal of nutrition and metabolic support. It publishes original peer-reviewed studies that define the cutting edge of basic and clinical research in the field. It explores the science of optimizing the care of patients receiving enteral or IV therapies. Also included: reviews, techniques, brief reports, case reports, and abstracts.