Multi-sector Development of Measures and Interventions to Prevent New Smokers Among Youths Living in Underprivileged Housing Projects in Thailand

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to develop preventive measures against smoking among youths living in Baan Eua Athon, underprivileged housing projects in Thailand. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, this research encompassed quantitative and qualitative data collection in nine provinces of Thailand. Stratified multi-stage sampling was conducted, and data was gathered using questionnaires, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions. Adapting Green and Kreuter’s Precede–Proceed Planning Model, the researchers identified key factors influencing youth smoking initiation through extensive fieldwork from January to December 2021. The results show that the primary drivers for new smokers, in order of significance, are limited knowledge about the effects of smoking, values, perception of associated disease risk, stress and anxiety, influence by family and friends, smoking control policies and activities of educational institutions influencing risk behaviors for new smokers. Research respondents from multiple sectors formulated seven measures to prevent new smokers, namely (1) building the capacity of stakeholders to increase knowledge among the target group; (2) creating a body of knowledge and control with retail shop operators; (3) building a smoke-free network team in the area; (4) creating smoke-free families; (5) creating an application to assess risk behaviors and offer an online consulting system; (6) developing a search process; and (7) analyzing interests to promote the needs of youth. Recommendations from this study can be used to monitor risk behaviors for new smokers and guide policy decisions for substance abuse prevention practitioners in the area.